Determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in the negative chemical ionization mode with different reagent gases

✍ Scribed by Elena S. Chernetsova; Alexander I. Revelsky; Igor A. Revelsky; Ilya A. Mikhasenko; Tim G. Sobolevsky

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 2002
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 214 KB
• Volume: 21
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0277-7037
• DOI: 10.1002/mas.10037

✦ Synopsis

Abstract

|  I. | Introduction | 374 |
| II. | Approaches to Selective and Sensitive GC/MS Determination of PCDD, PCDF, and PCB | 374 |
| | A. Most Prevalent Ionization Modes in GC/MS | 374 |
| | B. Sensitive Detection: Negative Chemical Ionization with Different Reagent Gases | 375 |
| |    1. Determination of Polychlorinated Dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (PCDDs) and Dibenzofurans (PCDFs) with Different
Reagent Gases | 376 |
| |      a. CH~4~ as reagent gas | 376 |
| |      b. O~2~ as reagent gas | 377 |
| |      c. O~2~ as reagent gas [atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI)] | 378 |
| |      d. CH~4~/O~2~ as reagent gas | 379 |
| |      e. CH~4~/N~2~O as reagent gas | 380 |
| |      f. i‐C~4~H~10~/CH~2~Cl~2~/O~2~ as reagent gas | 380 |
| |      g. Ar/CH~4~, CH~4~, i‐C~4~H~10~ as reagent gases | 381 |
| |      h. H~2~ as reagent gas | 381 |
| |      i. Ar, Xe, SF~6~, H~2~, and He as reagent gases | 381 |
| |    2. Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) with Different Reagent Gases | 382 |
| |      a. CH~4~ and CH~4~/O~2~ as reagent gases | 382 |
| |      b. O~2~ as reagent gas [atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI)] | 382 |
| |      c. CH~4~ and NH~3~ as reagent gases | 383 |
| |      d. CH~4~/O~2~, Ar/O~2~, CH~4~/H~2~O, and CH~4~ as reagent gases | 383 |
| III. | Conclusion and Actual Problems | 383 |
| References | 385 |

Reagent gases that are used in mass spectrometry in the NCI mode for the determination of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and biphenyls (PCBs) are discussed. Ion‐molecule reactions and respective characteristic ions that form while using reagent gases (CH~4~, O~2~, i‐C~4~H~10~, NH~3~, H~2~, He, Ar, Xe, SF~6~) or gas mixtures (CH~4~/O~2~, Ar/CH~4~, CH~4~/H~2~O, Ar/O~2~, i‐C~4~H~10~/CH~2~Cl~2~/O~2~) are reviewed. It is shown that only CH~4~, O~2~, CH~4~/O~2~, and CH~4~/N~2~O are widely used and well studied, even though—in the case of these reagent gases—there are contradictions between the publications of various authors. Such reagent gases as NH~3~ and He are not well studied, but further investigations of their use for the determination of organochlorine pollutants could be of interest. The possibilities of more sensitive and selective determination of PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs are discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 21:373–387, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mas.10037