Detection and properties of dissolved atomic hydrogen formed during electrochemical polarization
β Scribed by R.C. Krutenat; H.H. Uhlig
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 1966
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 972 KB
- Volume
- 11
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0013-4686
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
β¦ Synopsis
A temporary reducing species is formed in solution when Mg is made anode, or Pt, Ni or Sn are made cathodes, in 0.1 N NaCl deaerated with either N, or Ha. Rate of decay, as measured by diffusion currents corresponding to anodic oxidation at a Pt micro-electrode, follows a first order reaction with average half-life of about 5 min. Similar half-life properties are observed when gaseous atomic hydrogen is dissolved in the electrolyte; hence it is concluded that the reducing species is dissolved atomic hydrogen, H(aq), or its reaction product with water. Its diffusion coefficient in water is higher than that of HI.
The concentration of H(aq) formed by electrolysis of dilute NaCl at a Pt cathode at 5 mA/cn? is about 2 x lo-' g-atom/l in an unstirred solution; the concentration is less in a vigorously stirred solution, which brings the electrolyte into more Intimate contact with surfaces which catalyse combination to form Hg. Rate of decay is largely insensitive to either temperature or pH of the solution. Steady-state concentration is a linear function of F, urrent density of electrolysis. When Mg undergoes anodic dissolution, H(aq) presumably forms eithe by local action currents on the magnesium surface, or by rapid reaction of dissolved univalent magnesium ions with water. R&urn&--Des esp&ces reductrices transitoires se forment quand Mg est anode ou Pt, Ni, Sn cathodes en solution NaCl. 0,lN d&a&r8e par N, ou H,. Le taux de dkroissance des courants de diffusion correspondant B une oxydation anodique SUT micro-&&rode Pt, satisfait & une r6action du premier ordre, avec demi-vie moyenne de 5 min. Le comportement est analogue quand on dissout H atomique dans 1'6lectrolyte. L'on en ddduit que l'esp&e rkductrice transitoire est H(Aq) ou son prodmt de r&action avec HpO; son coefficient de diffusion dans l'eau est sup&rieur rl celui de Hp. La concentration de H(Aq) en klectrolysant NaCl dilub sur cathode Pt avec 5 mA/cm* est environ 2 . 1O-a at.g/l dans des solutions non agitkes; elle est moindre si l'agitation est energique, favorisant un contact plus intime entre l%lectrolyte et la surface m&allique, ce qui catalyse la formation de H,. Ce taux de d&roissance n'est affect6 ni par la temperature, ni par le pH. La concentration stationnaire est fonction linkire de la densite de courant. Au tours de la dissolution anodique de Mg, H(Aq) est vraisemblablement engendrk soit par action des courants locaux sur la surface de Mg, soit par reaction rapide avec He0 des ions monovalents Mg+ dissous. Zusammenfassung_Wenn in 0,l NaCl-LGsung, entliiftet mit N, oder Hz, Mg zur Anode oder Pt, Ni oder Sn zur Kathode gemacht werden, bildet sich ein temporlr reduzierender Stoff in der Liisung. Die Geschwindigkeit seines Zerfalles, gemessen durch den Diffusionsstrom seiner anodischen Oxydation an einer Platinmikroelektrode, gehorcht einer Reaktion 1. Ordnung mit einer mittleren Halbwertzseit von ungef;ihr 5 Min. Eh lhnliches Verhalten wirde beobachtet, wenn gasfiinniger, atomarer Wasserstoff im Elektolyten gel&t wird; es wird daraus geschlossen, dass der reduzierende Stoff geltister, atomarer Wasserstoff H(Aq) oder dessen Reaktionsprodukt mit Wasser ist. Sein Diffus~onskoeffizient in Wasser ist grasser 3s derjenige von H,. * Die Konzentration von H(Aq), w&he durch Elektrolyse einer verdiinnten NaCl-Liisung an einer Pt-Kathode bei 5 mA/cm* erzeugt werden kann, betriigt ungeffir 2 x lo-* g Atom/l in ungeriihrter Liisung; die erreichbare Konzentration in heftig geriihrter LGsung ist kleiner, da der Elektrolyt in vermehrten Kontakt mit den Obert%ichen gebracht wird, welche die Rekombination zu HI katalysieren. Die Zerfallszeit bleibt weitgehend unbeeitiusst sowohl von der Temperatur als such vom pH der Lbsung. Die stationlren Konzentrationen sind proportional der Elektrolyse-Stromdichte.
π SIMILAR VOLUMES
## Abstract Deposits produced on iron and steel during cathodic polarization in the presence and absence of arsenic in acid and alkaline solutions have been studied microscopically, by electron microprobe analysis, and by double layer capacity measurements. The results of these studies are compared
High-order corrections in the polarization expansion for the interaction energy of two ground-state hydrogen atoms are computed for a wide range of interatomic distances R. At large R, the convergence radius p of the expansion is found to be only slightly greater than unity, e.g. p= 1.0000000031 at
An electrochemical voltammetric analysis of oxide layers formed by anodic polarization of platinum electrodes over the potential range 2.43.0 V has shown that the reduction of the layers produced in pure H,SO, occurs in two well defined waves, whereas the oxides formed by polarization in CNScontaini