Abstract
This paper considers the basis of current regulation for fire safety. It recognizes that regulation and design of buildings for fire safety are both really about managing the risks associated with fire events. A picture of the range of fire events and their effects is presented from the available statistical data. It is found that fatalities in fire are associated with factors other than the behaviour of the building structure. Fire, by its nature, is quite different from other βloadsβ for which buildings are designed. The various measures used to manage the risks associated with fire are presented and the effectiveness of these measures are discussed. The effects of fires in buildings are complicated, and various methods of assessing the associated risk have been developed. These methods are based on a number of assumptions that are not always recognized. Acts of destruction are then considered in comparison with the βnormalβ range of fire events and the characteristics associated with extreme acts such as the World Trade Center attack are considered. It is recognized that these events fall well outside those currently envisaged. Risk management of fire events and acts of destruction is considered. Current fireβsafety measures are aimed at mitigating the risks associated with common acts of destruction in the form of arson. However, in the case of extreme acts of destruction, the most costβeffective way to manage the risk is to prevent the occurrence of such events.