Contents......Page 12
Part I: Biology of Dendritic Cells......Page 18
Activation of Dendritic Cells by Toll-Like Receptors and C-Type Lectins......Page 20
1. Introduction......Page 21
2. Families of PRR......Page 23
3. Differential Expression of PRR by Dendritic Cell Subsets......Page 31
5. Conclusions......Page 37
References......Page 38
Dendritic Cell Migration to Peripheral Lymph Nodes......Page 48
1. Introduction......Page 49
2. From Skin to Draining Lymph Nodes......Page 50
3. From Blood to Lymph Nodes......Page 52
4. Dendritic Cell Localization Within Lymph Nodes......Page 54
5. Regulation of Dendritic Cell Migration to Lymph Nodes......Page 55
6. Dendritic Cells-Based Vaccines Against Cancer......Page 58
References......Page 61
Dendritic Cells in Viral Infections......Page 68
1. Background......Page 69
2. Heterogeneity of the DC Network......Page 71
3. Antigen Presentation in Pathogen Infections......Page 76
4. Cooperation Between DCs and Other Immune Cells......Page 85
5. Conclusions and Future Directions......Page 87
References......Page 88
Part II: Role of Dendritic Cells in Disease......Page 96
1. Introduction......Page 98
2. Dendritic Cell Biology in General......Page 99
3. Dendritic Cells and Their Potential Role in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)......Page 103
4. Dendritic Cells in Experimental Animal Models of RA, the Proof is in the Eating......Page 104
5. Exploiting DC for Future Treatment of RA......Page 107
References......Page 109
Lung Dendritic Cells: Targets for Therapy in Allergic Disease......Page 116
2. Function of Lung Dendritic Cells: Induction of Tolerance in Steady State and Bridging Innate and Adaptive Immunity......Page 117
3. Dendritic Cells in Established Allergic Airway Inflammation......Page 119
4. Control of Lung DC Function by Regulatory T Cells......Page 120
5. Perpetuation of Allergic Inflammation and Remodelling: A Role for Cytokine Driven Activation of DCs?......Page 121
6. Dendritic Cells as Drug Targets in Allergic Diseases......Page 124
7. Conclusion......Page 125
References......Page 126
Dendritic Cells in Rhinitis......Page 132
1. Introduction......Page 133
2. Passive and Active Antigen Migration......Page 134
3. DCs in the Nasal Mucosa......Page 135
4. DC Characterization......Page 138
6. An Important Role for DCs in Nasal Tolerance......Page 142
7. Chemokines......Page 143
8. DCs in Rhinitis Models......Page 144
9. Follicle and Germinal Center Formation......Page 146
10. Intervention......Page 147
References......Page 149
Role of Epidermal Dendritic Cells in Drug-Induced Cutaneous Adverse Reactions......Page 154
1. Drug-Induced Adverse and Cutaneous Drug Reactions......Page 155
2. Skin as a Target for Drug Action and Reaction......Page 158
3. Role of the Immune System and Dendritic Cells in CDR......Page 162
4. LC are Highly Mobile Professional Skin APC with Immunephenotype and Genotype Plasticity......Page 166
5. Proposed Mechanism by Which LC May Contribute to CDR......Page 171
References......Page 175
Part III: Manipulation of Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy......Page 180
5. IDO-Mediated T Cell Suppression......Page 182
1. Introduction......Page 184
2. IDO Biochemistry......Page 185
3. IDOMolecular Genetics and Gene Expression......Page 190
4. IDO-Competent DCs......Page 202
6. Summary and Conclusions......Page 206
References......Page 207
Aspirin and the Induction of Tolerance by Dendritic Cells......Page 214
1. Introduction......Page 215
2. Immunoregulatory Effects of Aspirin......Page 219
3. Mechanisms of Tolerance by Aspirin DCs......Page 220
4. Conclusions......Page 225
References......Page 226
Use of Rapamycin in the Induction of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells......Page 232
1. Introduction......Page 234
2. Rapamycin......Page 236
3. Effects of RAPA on Non-Immune Cells......Page 237
4. Effects of RAPA on Immune Effector Cells......Page 238
5. Immunodulatory Effects of RAPA on Endogenous and BM-Derived DC......Page 240
6. RAPA-DC as 'Negative Cellular Vaccines'......Page 243
7. Concluding Remarks......Page 244
References......Page 245
Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology "Dendritic Cells"......Page 250
2. Glucocorticoids......Page 251
3. Immunoregulatory Effects of Dexamethasone......Page 252
4. Effects of In Vivo Glucocorticoid Treatment on DC......Page 257
5. In Vivo Use of Dex-DC......Page 259
References......Page 261
Induction of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells by Vitamin D Receptor Agonists......Page 268
1. Introduction......Page 269
2. Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells: Mechanistic Insights......Page 270
3. Induction of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells by VDR Agonists......Page 273
4. Common Features of Agents Leading to Induction of Tolerogenic DCs......Page 282
5. Conclusions......Page 284
References......Page 285
Use of Adenovirus in Vaccines for HIV......Page 292
1. Adenoviruses as Vectors......Page 293
2. Blunting of Immunogenicity by Pre-Existing Immunity to Vectors......Page 295
3. Immunogenicity of rAd Vectors......Page 296
4. Vaccination with rAd Vectors......Page 298
5. Clinical HIV-1 Vaccine Trials......Page 302
References......Page 303
IFN-alpha in the Generation of Dendritic Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy......Page 312
1. Introduction......Page 313
2. Biology of Dendritic Cells and Their Role in Linking Innate and Adaptive Immunity......Page 314
3. Type I IFNs and Ex Vivo Generation of Dendritic Cells......Page 315
4. Type I IFN-Induced DCs as Candidate Cellular Adjuvants of Therapeutic Vaccines......Page 326
5. Final Remarks......Page 328
References......Page 330
Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy in Myeloid Leukaemia: Translating Fundamental Mechanisms into Clinical Applications......Page 336
1. Introduction......Page 337
2. Immunogenicity of Leukaemic Blasts......Page 338
3. Development of Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccines in Leukaemia......Page 342
4. Modulation of DC and T Cell Interaction......Page 346
5. Clinical Application of Leukaemic and Non-Leukaemic DC-Based Vaccines......Page 349
6. Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives......Page 354
References......Page 355
C......Page 366
D......Page 367
L......Page 368
R......Page 369
W......Page 370