Current status of research in detection and diagnosis
โ Scribed by Dr. Nathaniel I. Berlin
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1976
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 309 KB
- Volume
- 37
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0008-543X
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
โฆ Synopsis
Following the passage of the National Cancer Act of 1972, the National Cancer Institute created a Division of Cancer Biology and Diagnosis. This marked the renewal of a commitment of the National Cancer Institute to diagnostic research. Within the scope of diagnostic research there are three separate subheadings: screening or detection, diagnosis itself, and prognosis. Asymptomatic individuals are studied by screening procedures to determine if they might have a cancer. Those that are selected by the screen are then subject tp definitive diagnostic procedures to determine whether they have a cancer. Prognosis attempts to predict the outcome from knowledge gained in the past. At the present time the only screening method that has been proven in a rigorous manner to be effective in reducing mortality is a combination of a physical examination and mammography for carcinoma of the breast. T h e Pap test is accepted but precisely how much it has reduced the mortality from cervical carcinoma remains to be determined. The National Cancer Institute is now engaged in research designed to test various aspects of screening to develop new screening techniques and to evaluate them. I n the diagnostic field it is particularly concerned with imaging by radiologic means and ultrasound. Visualization by endoscopy is becoming important. These aspects of screening, diagnosis and prognosis will be reviewed.
Cancer 37:417-420, 1976.
OOD MORNING LADIES AND GENTLEMEN. IT G is a pleasure to be here and i t is a pleasure for me to review with you the current status of research in cancer detection and diagnosis. Although I have recently left the National Cancer Institute, I do believe that I will be able to give you some idea of the thinking that has gone into the Institute's diagnostic research efforts. An analysis of the research approaches taken by the Institute to cancer in man indicates that it can be divided into three applied efforts and one basic. T h e applied efforts are in: the cause of cancer, the diagnosis of cancer, and the treatment of cancer. T h e basic effort is in cancer biology. T h e knowledge derived from research in cancer biology may be applicable to any one of the three applied efforts, but no commitment has been made on
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