Critical Comparison of Four Simple Adaptors for Flow Amperometric and Stripping Voltammetry with Mercury Drop Electrodes in Batch Cells
✍ Scribed by Andrea Cavicchioli; Daniela Daniel; Ivano Gebhardt; Rolf Gutz
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2004
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 679 KB
- Volume
- 16
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 1040-0397
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✦ Synopsis
Abstract
Electrochemical batch cells with mercury drop electrodes, MDEs, are readily available from a number of producers and widely used in electroanalysis for polarography, voltammetry and stripping voltammetry. To increase sample throughput and reduce reagent and sample consumption, the tendency is to couple the MDE with flow analysis systems (e.g., FIA, SIA or BIA). Many special flow cells for MDEs are described in the literature, but it is easier to convert existing commercial batch cells to flow operation. To assess the performance of such flow adaptors, four models were chosen because they are directly fitted to the glass capillary of any MDE, light enough not to impair the mechanical drop knocker and can be effortlessly built in the laboratory. They were all found adequate for flow amperometry and stripping voltammetry, with differences in sensitivity, flow rate dependence, response time, drop stability, tolerance to bubbles, uncompensated resistance and recontamination of disposed analyte from the electrolytic bath. Two of them, a simple L‐shaped PTFE tube and an upstream nozzle holder made from a disposable pipette tip, gather a larger set of desirable features.