Criminal behavior: a psychological approach

✍ Scribed by Bartol, Curt R;Bartol, Anne M

• Publisher: Pearson; Langara College
• Year: 2016; 2017
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 673
• Edition: Eleventh edition
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

KEY BENEFITBuilding on a tradition of excellence,Criminal Behavior: A Psychological Approachis accurate, well-researched, contemporary, and comprehensive. It offers a detailed look at crime, what may lead to it, and how criminal behavior may be prevented - all from a psychological perspective. With a focus on serious crimes, particularly those involving violence, this book offers an all-inclusive look at a very complex field through effective and engaging material that has been tested for more than thirty years. Now in the Eleventh Edition, you'll find crucial updates relating to crime definitions and DSM-5 categories, as well as the most current statistics and recently proposed models and theories. Numerous topics - such as intimate partner violence, juvenile sex offending, terrorist recruitment, elderly abuse, and sexual burglary - now receive more extensive coverage than ever before.KEY TOPICSTBDMARKETFor anyone interested in criminal behavior, criminology, the psychology of crime, crime and delinquency, and forensic psychology.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
Title......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Contents......Page 7
Preface......Page 20
Chapter Objectives......Page 24
Theories of Crime......Page 25
Theoretical Perspectives on Human Nature......Page 27
Disciplinary Perspectives in Criminology......Page 29
Sociological Criminology......Page 30
Box 1-1 Hate or Bias Crimes......Page 31
Psychiatric Criminology......Page 33
Uniform Crime Reporting System......Page 35
Box 1-2 The Problem of Internet-Facilitated Crime......Page 40
Self-Report Studies......Page 42
Victimization Surveys......Page 44
Juvenile Delinquency......Page 46
Recap: Defining Crime and Delinquency......Page 47
Summary and Conclusions......Page 49
Review Questions......Page 50
Chapter Objectives......Page 51
Cumulative Risk Model......Page 52
Developmental Cascade Model......Page 53
Poverty......Page 55
Peer Rejection and Association with Antisocial Peers......Page 56
Preschool Experiences......Page 59
Academic Failure......Page 60
Single-Parent Households......Page 61
Parental Styles and Practices......Page 62
Box 2-1 Monitoring, Middle School, and Family Relationships......Page 65
Parental Psychopathology......Page 67
Lack of Attachment......Page 68
Lack of Empathy......Page 69
Cognitive and Language Deficiencies......Page 71
Intelligence and Delinquency......Page 72
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder......Page 74
Box 2-2 Adhd: Which Treatment to Use?......Page 75
ADHD and Criminal Behavior......Page 76
Conduct Disorder......Page 77
Oppositional Defiant Disorder......Page 78
Summary and Conclusions......Page 79
Review Questions......Page 81
Chapter Objectives......Page 82
Behavior Genetics......Page 83
Studies of Twins......Page 84
The Twins’ Early Development Study......Page 86
Adoption Studies......Page 87
Psychophysiological Factors......Page 89
Temperament......Page 90
Neurotoxins......Page 93
Lead......Page 94
Cadmium......Page 95
Mercury (Methlymercury)......Page 96
Protective Properties of Micronutrients......Page 97
Box 3-1 Malnutrition In Infants......Page 98
Nicotine, Alcohol, and Drug Exposure......Page 99
Traumatic Brain Injury......Page 101
Brain Development Abnormalities......Page 102
Neuropsychological Factors......Page 103
Summary and Conclusions......Page 104
Review Questions......Page 105
Chapter Objectives......Page 106
Behaviorism......Page 108
Behaviorism as a Method of Science......Page 109
Skinnerian Concepts......Page 110
Operant Learning and Crime......Page 111
Social Learning......Page 112
Expectancy Theory......Page 113
Imitational Aspects of Social Learning......Page 114
Differential Association-Reinforcement Theory......Page 115
The Socialized and Individual Offender......Page 117
Frustration-Induced Riots......Page 118
Situational Instigators and Regulators of Criminal Behavior......Page 119
Authority as an Instigator of Criminal Behavior......Page 120
Box 4-1 National Security Interrogations—Psychology’s Role......Page 123
Deindividuation......Page 124
The Stanford Prison Experiment......Page 126
The BBC Prison Study......Page 127
Deindividuation and Crowd Violence......Page 128
The Bystander Effect......Page 129
Box 4-2 Do Security Cameras Affect Bystander Apathy?......Page 131
Moral Disengagement......Page 132
Summary and Conclusions......Page 133
Key Concepts......Page 134
Review Questions......Page 135
Chapter Objectives......Page 136
Defining Aggression......Page 137
Box 5-1 Aggression in Recent High Profile Cases......Page 138
Theoretical Perspectives on Aggression......Page 140
Ethological Viewpoints......Page 141
Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis......Page 142
Weapons Effect......Page 143
Excitation Transfer Theory......Page 144
Social Learning Factors in Aggression and Violence......Page 145
Modeling......Page 146
Observation Modeling......Page 147
Hostile Attribution Model......Page 148
Box 5-2 Dealing With Anger—What Works and for Whom?......Page 151
The General Aggression Model......Page 152
Overt and Covert Acts of Aggression......Page 153
Reactive and Proactive Forms of Aggression......Page 154
Gender Differences in Aggression......Page 155
Effects of Media Violence......Page 156
Copycat Crime or Contagion Effect......Page 159
Box 5-3 Copycat Gamers......Page 160
Summary and Conclusions......Page 162
Key Concepts......Page 163
Review Questions......Page 164
Chapter Objectives......Page 165
Legal Definition......Page 166
Psychological Definitions......Page 167
Nature and Extent of Juvenile Offending......Page 168
Status Offenses......Page 170
Gender Differences in Juvenile Offending......Page 171
Developmental Theories of Delinquency......Page 174
Moffitt’s Developmental Theory......Page 175
Box 6-1 Emerging Adulthood as a Developmental Stage......Page 177
Steinberg’s Dual Systems Model......Page 180
Coercion Developmental Theory......Page 181
Callous-Unemotional Trait Theory......Page 183
Treatment and Rehabilitation Strategies......Page 184
Characteristics of Successful Programs......Page 185
Box 6-2 Gender Responsive Programming......Page 186
Classification of Prevention and Treatment Programs......Page 188
Primary Prevention......Page 190
Selective or Secondary Prevention......Page 191
Box 6-3 The Fast Track Experiment......Page 192
Treatment Approaches......Page 193
Summary and Conclusions......Page 198
Review Questions......Page 200
Chapter Objectives......Page 201
Antisocial Personality Disorder......Page 202
Examples of Primary Psychopaths......Page 203
Behavioral Descriptions......Page 204
Behavioral Characteristics......Page 205
Psychopaths and Suicide......Page 206
Other Principal Traits......Page 207
The Criminal Psychopath......Page 208
Offending Patterns of Criminal Psychopaths......Page 209
Psychological Measures Of Psychopathy......Page 210
The PCL-R......Page 211
Box 7-1 Corporate Psychopaths......Page 212
The Two-Factor Position......Page 213
The Boldness Factor......Page 214
The Female Psychopath......Page 215
Racial/Ethnic Differences......Page 216
Can Juvenile Psychopathy Be Identified?......Page 217
Box 7-2 Treating Adolescents with Psychopathic Features......Page 218
Ethical Considerations......Page 219
Measures of Juvenile Psychopathy......Page 220
Neuropsychology and Psychopathy......Page 221
Central Nervous System Differences......Page 222
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Research......Page 225
Autonomic Nervous System Research......Page 226
The Dual-Process Model of Psychopathy......Page 229
Childhood of the Psychopath......Page 230
Treatment of Criminal Psychopaths......Page 231
Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Psychopathic Features......Page 232
Summary and Conclusions......Page 233
Review Questions......Page 235
Chapter Objectives......Page 236
The DSM......Page 239
Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders......Page 240
Bipolar Disorder......Page 241
Antisocial Personality Disorder......Page 242
Box 8-1 Does Serious Mental Disorder Cause Crime?......Page 243
Incompetency to Stand Trial......Page 244
Criminal Responsibility......Page 247
Insanity Standards......Page 250
Guilty But Mentally lll......Page 253
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder......Page 254
Dissociation......Page 256
Dissociative Identity Disorder......Page 257
Dissociative Amnesia......Page 258
Mental Disorder and Violence......Page 259
Research on the Violence of the Mentally Disordered......Page 260
The Macarthur Research Network......Page 261
Mentally Disordered Inmates......Page 262
The Tarasoff Case......Page 264
Violence Risk Factors and Measures......Page 266
Summary and Conclusions......Page 268
Review Questions......Page 269
Chapter Objectives......Page 270
Definitions......Page 272
Criminal Homicide......Page 273
Demographic and Other Factors of Homicide......Page 274
Gender......Page 275
Weapons......Page 276
Box 9-1 Guns, Crime, and Cumulative Risk......Page 278
Psychological Aspects of Criminal Homicide......Page 279
General Altercation Homicide......Page 280
Felony Commission Homicides......Page 281
Juvenile Homicide Offenders......Page 282
Psychological Characteristics of Juvenile Murderers......Page 283
Intimate Partner Violence......Page 285
IPV among Hispanics......Page 287
Same Sex or Nonheterosexual IPV......Page 288
IPV Within Law Enforcement and Military Families......Page 289
Psychological and Demographic Characteristics of Abusers......Page 290
Family Violence......Page 291
Victims......Page 292
Child Maltreatment......Page 294
Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children......Page 296
Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy......Page 297
Abusive Head Trauma......Page 298
Neonaticide......Page 299
Filicide......Page 300
Elderly Abuse......Page 301
Sibling-to-Sibling Violence......Page 303
Child-to-Parent Violence......Page 304
Multiassaultive Families......Page 305
The Cycle of Violence......Page 306
The Effects of Family Violence on Children......Page 307
Summary And Conclusions......Page 308
Key Concepts......Page 309
Review Questions......Page 310
Chapter Objectives......Page 311
Investigative Psychology......Page 312
Psychological Profiling......Page 313
Geographical Profiling......Page 314
Crime Scene Profiling......Page 315
Equivocal Death Analysis......Page 320
Multiple Murders......Page 321
Definitions......Page 322
Serial Murders......Page 323
Choice of Victims and Modus Operandi......Page 324
Ethnic and Racial Characteristics......Page 325
Research on Backgrounds......Page 326
Female Serial Killers......Page 327
Mass Murderers......Page 328
Public Mass Shootings......Page 329
A Mass Murder Typology......Page 331
School Violence......Page 333
School Shootings......Page 334
Box 10-1 Safety Drills in Schools: Unanticipated Consequences......Page 335
Psychological Characteristics of School Shooters......Page 337
Workplace Violence......Page 338
Categories of Workplace Violence......Page 339
Perpetrators of Workplace Violence......Page 342
Summary and Conclusions......Page 343
Key Concepts......Page 344
Review Questions......Page 345
Chapter Objectives......Page 346
Definitions and Examples......Page 348
Classification of Terrorist Groups......Page 351
Followers and Leaders: Who Joins and Who Leads......Page 353
Why Do They Join?......Page 354
Quest for Significance Theory......Page 355
Suicidal Terrorism......Page 356
Becoming a Terrorist: The Process of Radicalization......Page 357
Terrorist Leaders......Page 358
Lone Wolf Terrorists......Page 359
Box 11-1 The Marathon Bombing and Beyond......Page 360
The Times Square Bombing Attempt......Page 361
The Psychosocial Context of Terrorism......Page 363
Terrorist Motives and Justifications......Page 364
Additional Disengagement Practices......Page 365
Moral Development......Page 366
Summary and Conclusions......Page 369
Review Questions......Page 370
Chapter Objectives......Page 371
Definitions and Statistics......Page 372
Sexual Assault in Date and Acquaintance Relationships......Page 374
Box 12-1 Campus Sexual Assault......Page 375
Incidence and Prevalence of Rape......Page 376
Psychological Effects......Page 377
Physical Injury......Page 378
Age of Victims......Page 379
Risk Taking Behaviors......Page 380
Characteristics of Sexual Offenders: Who Offends?......Page 381
Recidivism and Offending History......Page 382
Applying Crime Scene Analysis to Predictions of Recidivism......Page 383
Attitudes and Myths That Support Rape and Other Sexual Assaults......Page 385
The Influence of Pornography......Page 386
Classification of Rape Patterns......Page 388
Massachusetts Treatment Center Classification System......Page 389
Box 12-2 Sexual Burglary......Page 391
MTC Version 4......Page 393
The Groth Typology......Page 394
Treatment of Sex Offenders......Page 395
Summary and Conclusions......Page 397
Review Questions......Page 398
Chapter Objectives......Page 399
Incidence and Prevalence of Child Sex Abuse......Page 401
Box 13-1 Sexual Abuse: The Shame of Juvenile Corrections......Page 402
Situational and Victimization Characteristics......Page 404
Types of Sexual Contact......Page 406
Characteristics of Child Sex Offenders......Page 407
Age and Gender......Page 408
Backgrounds......Page 409
Interpersonal and Intimacy Deficits......Page 410
Neurocognitive Functions......Page 411
Recidivism and Risk Assessment......Page 412
Risk Assessment......Page 413
Classification of Male Child Sex Offender Patterns......Page 414
The MTC:CM3......Page 415
The Groth Classification Model......Page 417
Female Sex Offender Typology......Page 418
Who Are the Offenders?......Page 419
Who Are the Child Victims?......Page 420
Sex Trafficking......Page 421
Treatment of Child Sex Offenders......Page 422
Summary and Conclusions......Page 424
Review Questions......Page 425
Chapter Objectives......Page 426
Characteristics of Burglary......Page 428
Who Commits Burglary?......Page 429
Burglary Cues and Selected Targets......Page 430
Burglar Cognitive Processes......Page 431
Entry Strategies......Page 432
Property Taken and Disposed......Page 433
Motives......Page 435
Burglar Typologies......Page 436
Psychological Impact of Burglary......Page 437
Home Invasions......Page 438
Motor Vehicle Theft......Page 439
Fraud and Identity Theft......Page 440
Box 14-1 Identity Theft—Anyone Can Be Victimized......Page 441
Shoplifting......Page 443
Who Shoplifts?......Page 445
Motives......Page 447
Shoplifting as an Occupation......Page 448
Kleptomania: Fact or Fiction?......Page 449
White-Collar and Occupational Crime......Page 450
Green’s Four Categories of Occupational Crime......Page 451
Box 14-2 Political Crimes—Unexamined Issues......Page 452
Corporate Crime......Page 453
Justifications and Neutralizations......Page 455
Employee Theft......Page 456
Summary and Conclusions......Page 458
Review Questions......Page 459
Chapter 15 Violent Economic Crime, Cybercrime, and Crimes of Intimidation......Page 460
Robbery......Page 461
Bank Robbery......Page 462
Amateurs and Professionals......Page 463
Street Robbery......Page 465
Motives and Cultural Influences......Page 466
Robbery by Groups......Page 467
Cybercrime......Page 468
Box 15-1 Cybercrime—Heists and Intrusions......Page 469
Privacy Concerns and Cybercrime Laws......Page 470
Psychological Characteristics of Cybercriminals......Page 471
Stalking......Page 472
Categories of Stalking......Page 473
Cyberstalking......Page 474
Cyberbullying......Page 475
FBI Categories of Hostage Taking......Page 477
Strategies for Dealing With Hostage Takers......Page 479
Rules for Hostages to Follow......Page 480
Incidence and Prevalence......Page 482
Developmental Stages of Firesetting......Page 483
Persistent and Repetitive Firesetting Among Adults......Page 484
Female Arsonists......Page 485
Behavioral Typologies and Trajectories......Page 486
Psychological Disorders......Page 487
Summary and Conclusions......Page 488
Review Questions......Page 489
Chapter Objectives......Page 490
Juvenile Drug Use......Page 491
Who Is Selling to Juveniles?......Page 493
Consistent Findings on Illicit Drug Use......Page 494
Tripartite Conceptual Model......Page 497
Major Categories of Drugs......Page 498
Tolerance and Dependence......Page 499
Marijuana......Page 500
How Is Marijuana Prepared?......Page 501
Synthetic Marijuana......Page 502
Cannabis and Crime......Page 503
Amphetamines......Page 505
Other Stimulants with Similar Effects......Page 506
Cocaine and Its Derivatives......Page 507
Stimulants and Crime......Page 508
Crack Cocaine......Page 509
Mdma (Ecstasy or Molly)......Page 510
Heroin......Page 511
Box 16-1 Prescription Medications: Fraudulent Distribution......Page 512
Heroin and Crime......Page 513
Oxycontin® and Vicodin®......Page 514
The Club Drugs: Sedative Hypnotic Compounds......Page 515
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate (GHB)......Page 516
Alcohol......Page 517
Psychological Effects......Page 518
Alcohol, Crime, and Delinquency......Page 519
Substance Abuse and Violence......Page 520
Summary and Conclusions......Page 521
Review Questions......Page 523
Glossary......Page 524
Cases Cited......Page 537
References......Page 538
Author Index......Page 632
Subject Index......Page 656

✦ Subjects

Psychology;Textbooks;Nonfiction;Mystery;Crime;Academic;School