Evidence derived from several lines of investigation suggest that prostaglandins, metabolites of arachidonic acid, play an important role in colon cancer development. Elevated prostaglandin levels are found in colon cancers and their precursor lesions, adenomatous polyps. Agents such as aspirin and
Cox-2 inhibition for the treatment of colon cancer
β Scribed by Carlos Becerra
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2004
- Tongue
- French
- Weight
- 30 KB
- Volume
- 110
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0020-7136
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
β¦ Synopsis
Aguilar and associates state that the dose of rofecoxib used in our clinical study is insufficient based on experiments in OFA rats whereby the best dose to reduce or prevent colorectal cancer is at least 2.5 mg/kg/day. This dose would represent 3-4-fold increase in the dose given to patients in the Phase II study. Unfortunately, one of the toxicities encountered in the study with the combination of 5-FU, Leucovorin and rofecoxib was gastrointestinal bleeding that would prevent investigators from further escalating the dose of rofecoxib. With more selective COX 2 inhibitors or utilizing chemotherapy combinations that are less damaging to the gastrointestinal mucosa investigators might be able treat patients with colorectal cancer and detect antitumor activity beyond that of the chemotherapy agents.
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The epidemiologic evidence and rodent studies suggest strongly that nonselective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes such as aspirin, inhibiting both COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms, reduce the incidence of and mortality from intestinal tumors. Genetically manipulated animals show that both Cox-1 an
Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is one of the rate-limiting enzymes in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins and other eicosanoids. Recent studies have shown enhanced expression of COX-2 in cancer cells of several tissues. We investigated the expression of COX-2 and prostaglandin (PG) E 2 prod