Covid-​19 and Governance: Crisis Reveals

✍ Scribed by Jan Nederveen Pieterse, Haeran Lim, Habibul Khondker

• Publisher: Routledge
• Year: 2021
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 361
• Series: Routledge Studies in Emerging Societies
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Covid-19 and Governance focuses on the relationship between governance institutions and approaches to Covid-19 and health outcomes. Bringing together analyses of Covid-19 developments in countries and regions across the world with a wide-angle lens on governance, this volume asks: what works, what hasn’t and isn’t, and why?

Organized by region, the book is structured to follow the spread of Covid-19 in the course of 2020, through Asia, the Middle East, Europe, the Americas, and Africa. The analyses explore a number of key themes, including public health systems, government capability, and trust in government—as well as underlying variables of social cohesion and inequality. This volume combines governance, policies, and politics to bring wide international scope and analytical depth to the study of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Together the authors represent a diverse and formidable database of experience and understanding. They include sociologists, anthropologists, scholars of development studies and public administration, as well as MD specialists in public health and epidemiology. Engaged and free of jargon, this book speaks to a wide global public—including scholars, students, and policymakers—on a topic that has profound and broad appeal.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Endorsement
Half Title
Series Information
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Figures
Tables
Contributors
Acknowledgments
Introduction: Patterns, Confluence, Regions
Pattern Analysis
Confluence
Regions
References
Asia
1 China’s Fight Against Covid-19: Domestic and External Implications
Measures to Fight the Epidemic
Challenges to China’s Social Governance
Covid-19 and
Eventful’ Global China
Conclusion
Notes
Reference
2 South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore and Covid-19
Another East Asian Model?
Responses to the Pandemic: Similarities and Differences
Institutional Capacity for Social Distancing
The Dark Side of Stateled Social Distancing
Conclusion
References
Webpages
3 China, Korea, Japan and Covid-19
Onset and Spread of Covid-19
Control Measures and Factors Affecting Responses to Covid-19
Socioeconomic Impacts of Covid-19
Conclusion
References
4 India, Kerala and Covid-19
National Policy Response
Readiness
Entrenching Neoliberalism
Inhibiting Transparency
Kerala’s Welfareoriented Governance in Response to Covid-19
Proactive
Sensitive: Ensuring Governance with Care and Compassion
Transparency and Participation
Comparing Policy Responses
References
5 Nepal and Covid-19
Covid-19 Cases and Preparedness
Governance and Leadership: the Crisis Accelerator
Migrant Workers: a New Low Caste
Unequal Distribution of Health Services
Economy: Limitations and Implications
Conclusion
Notes
References
6 Indonesia and Covid-19: Decentralization and Social Conflict
Decentralization and Democratization in Indonesia
Local Government Responses
Grassroots Mobilizations
Narrow Elite Consensus: the National Government Response
Conclusion: Unresolved Contention Amid Escalating Crisis
Note
References
7 Thailand and Covid-19; Institutions and Social Dynamics from Below
Curving the Pandemic: Institution Mechanisms
Responding to the Disease
Responding to People’s Vulnerabilities
Troubles with the New Normal
Local and Community Initiatives: Social Capital and Resilience
Conclusion: Transformative Possibilities?
References
Middle East
8 Iran and Covid-19: Institutional Configurations
Theoretical and Empirical Remarks
Outbreak Timeline
Governance in Phase I
Conclusion
Notes
References
9 Saudi Arabia and Covid-19: Religious Institutions
The Arab Gulf Countries
The Great Covid-19 Gamble
Domestic Implications: Shaking the Foundations of Rentier State Social Contract
Religion and Political Legitimacy
The Wider Context: Reactions in Other Muslim Nations
Conclusion
References
Europe
10 the Uk and Covid-19
Pandemic Dynamics and the Government’s Responses
From Social Democracy Towards the Competition State
The Ideological Roots of the Uk Government’s Response
Conclusion: Populism Rejected, Institutions Reasserted
References
11 Spain and Covid-19
Overview of First Wave of Covid-19 in Spain (March– June 2020)
Role of Social Partners
Protecting Employers and Workers
Role of the Social Economy – Working Collectively and Serving the Marginalized
Discussion
Conclusion
Notes
References
12 Germany and Covid-19
How the Virus Entered Germany
Institutional Responses
Germany’s Health System: Strengths and Weaknesses
Germany’s Governance System: Strengths and Weaknesses
Uneven Impact
Conclusion
Notes
References
13 Turkey and Covid-19: Facing a Global Crisis During a Domestic Crisis
Overview of Turkey’s Covid-19 Response
Akp Authoritarianism and Covid-19: Confusion and Disarray
Institutions Outside Akp Direct Tutelage: Sidelining and Marginalization
Crony Capitalism, Economic Crisis, and Covid-19
Conclusion
Notes
References
Americas
14 the Us, South Korea, and Covid-19: Governance
Forprofit Healthcare in the US Versus Public Universal Healthcare in South Korea
US: Private Forprofit Health System
South Korea: Universally Accessible, Responsive, and Efficient Publicprivate Health System
Politicized CDC in the US Versus Institutionalized KCDC in South Korea
Politicized CDC in the US
Institutionalized KCDC and the Trust Strategy in South Korea
New Federalism in the US Versus a Centralized State and Coordinated Centerperiphery System in South Korea
New Federalism in the US
Centralized State with a Coordinated Centerperiphery System in South Korea
Fractured Civil Society in the US Versus Voluntary Civil Followership in South Korea
Fractured Civil Society in the US
Voluntary Civil Followership in South Korea
Unprotected Precariat Labor in the US Versus Precariat Workers with Social Welfare in South Korea
Unprotected Precariat Workers in Neoliberal America
Precariat Workers with Social Welfare in the CME of Korea
Leadership Matters: Virtue and Vice in Us and Korean Leaders’ Response to Covid-19
Trump’s Failed Leadership in Responding to Covid-19
Moon Jae In’s Democratic and International Leadership
References
15 The United States and Covid-19: Hairpin Turns
Governance
Dixie Capitalism, the Revenge of the Confederacy
Peeling Trump and the GOP
References
16 Brazil, South America and Covid-19
Institutional Strategies in Pandemic Combat: Collective vs Individual Responsibility
Brazil: a Transitional Market Economy
Crisis
Inequality
(Un)governance
Alternative Institutional Initiatives
Conclusion
Notes
References
17 Cuba Dancing with Covid-19: Citizenship and Resilience
Citizenship and Resilience
From Tradition to the Public Health Model
Overcoming the Crisis
The Preparation
The Dance Begins
New Media Stars
Towards a New Model of Governance
Social Activism, the Great Absence
Conclusion
References
18 Nicaragua and Covid-19: Authoritarian Indifference
Nicaraguan Government’s Lagging Pandemic Response
Authoritarian Consolidation and Ortegamurillo Family Dominance
Economic Precarity and an Unequal, Hollowedout Healthcare System
The Ortegamurillo Regime’s International Isolation
Civil Society’s Resilience in the Face of Repression
Conclusion
Note
References
Africa
19 Rwanda and Covid-19: Leadership and Resilient Health System
Partial Release of Lockdown After Reduction of Reported Cases
The Health Sector and Covid-19
Rwanda’s Approach to Managing Covid-19 and Its Consequences
Rwanda’s Approach to Individual and Community Covid-19 Screening
Individual and Community Covid-19 Contact Tracing
Mitigation Strategies to Cope with the Economic Consequences of Lockdown
Strong, Resilient Health System to Supplement Measures to Curb Covid-19 Cases in Country
Facing Future Pandemic Outbreak
East Africa Regional Response to Covid-19 and Missed Opportunities
References
20 Kenya and Covid-19
Patient Zero
Responding to an International Crisis
Corruption and Complications
Testing and Tracing
Low Mortality and Luck
Infrastructure
Conclusion
References
21 Africa and Covid-19: Ways Forward
General Trends
Economic Vulnerability Indicators
Social Protection
Health as Social Protection
Flatten the Debt Curve
Varieties of Institutional Types and Covid-19 Responses
Africa– China Connections
Governance and Corruption in Covid-19 South Africa
Conclusion
References
Crosscutting Themes
22 Covid-19 and Migrant Workers: the Gulf and Singapore
The Plight of Migrant Workers and Their Vulnerability
Gulf Countries
Singapore
Conclusion
Note
References
23 Covid-19 and Science: Italy and Late Modernity
Italy and Late Modernity
Feeble Sciencegovernment Connections in Italy
Tentative Phenomenology of Sciencegovernment Relations in the Covid-19 Crisis
Lack of Institutional and Technical Preparedness
The Ambiguous Role of Experts
The Excessive Visibility of Science in the Public Arena
The Deterioration of the Image of Science During the Crisis
The Poor Understanding of Science by Political Leaders
Interpreting Sciencegovernment Relations in the Light of the Covid-19 Crisis
The Declining Capacity of Governance Systems
The Undersocialization of Science
Managing the Double Weakness of Governance and Science
References
24 Global Infodemic: Covid-19 and the Organization of Disinformation
Methods
Discussion Trust in Government
Institutions
Global Cooperation
Speed
Uncertainty
Truth
Conclusion
References
Conclusion
References
Afterword
References
Index