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Contrastive Lexical Semantics

✍ Scribed by Edda Weigand


Publisher
John Benjamins
Year
1998
Tongue
English
Leaves
281
Series
Current Issues in Linguistic Theory 171
Edition
1st
Category
Library

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✦ Synopsis


Contains most of the papers given at an international workshop at the University of Munster in May 1997. The text addresses questions of lexical semantics from the pragmatic perspective of a corpus-oriented approach as well as from the model-oriented perspective of sign theoretic linguistics. Within the corpus-oriented approach, the idea that single words can no longer be considered to be the lexical unit is discussed. Other models of contrastive lexical semantics are also covered: the two-level model; the structural model; a model of contrastive idiom analysis; and a computerlinguistic model.

✦ Table of Contents


CONTRASTIVE LEXICAL SEMANTICS......Page 2
Editorial page......Page 3
Title page......Page 4
Copyright page......Page 5
Table of contents......Page 6
FOREWORD......Page 8
1. Introduction......Page 12
2. Meaning......Page 15
3. Reversal......Page 17
I. Language text is not adequately modelled as a sequence of items, each in an environment of other items.
......Page 19
II. Ambiguity in a text is created by the method of observation, and not the structure of the text.
......Page 20
III. The form of a linguistic unit and its meaning are two perspectives on the same event.
......Page 22
5. The Axes of Patterning......Page 24
6. Example......Page 27
Acknowledgements......Page 34
References......Page 35
1. The problem of verification in semantics......Page 36
2. Semantics in a pragmatic model......Page 39
3. The universal level of contrastive studies
......Page 42
4. Structuring the lexical-predicative part......Page 43
5. Units on the expression side......Page 45
6. The principle of meaning equivalence......Page 48
7. Signs and rules at the crossroad......Page 49
References......Page 53
1. Overview of the literature......Page 56
2. The universal structur......Page 58
3. The ways-of-use......Page 64
4. Contrastive analyses of ANGER......Page 65
4.1 German/English......Page 66
5. Conclusion......Page 75
References......Page 76
Summary......Page 78
1. Vorbemerkungen......Page 79
2. Zur Konstituierung von Wortfamilien
......Page 80
3. Kontrastiver Vergleich von Teilwortschätzen
......Page 84
4. ÄquivalenteTextsegmente als Grundlage für den Sprachvergleich
......Page 92
Literatur......Page 102
Summary......Page 106
1. Die Metapher des Feldes in der semantischen Metasprache
......Page 107
2. 'Semantisches Dorf' in der lexikalischen Semantik
......Page 108
3. Deutsches 'Ärgerdorf', russisches 'gnevlivka' und ihre Einwohn
......Page 109
4. Semantische 'Beschäftigungen'
......Page 112
5. Konzept und Bedeutung im Rahmen des semantischen Dorfe
......Page 113
6. 'Dorfarbeiten' und Wortgebrauch
......Page 118
7. Semantik und Pragmatik im semantischen Dorf
......Page 120
8. VergleichendeTabellen......Page 121
Literatur......Page 127
1. Preliminary remarks......Page 130
2. Some difficulties in correlating equivalent vocabulary......Page 131
3. Commentary on the German-Dutch meaning area of ANGER......Page 133
4. A contrastive learner's dictionary of German for Dutch students......Page 135
5. The description of ärgern in a learner's dictionary of German for Dutch students......Page 136
6. The description of (sich) freuen in a learner's dictionary of German for Dutch students......Page 139
7. First efforts at a contrastive description of the Dutch-German meaning area of JOY......Page 141
8. Instead of a conclusion......Page 142
References......Page 143
Appendix......Page 144
INTENSIFIED......Page 146
WEAKENE......Page 147
MORAL......Page 148
Summary......Page 150
1. Sprachsystem und Sprachgebrauch in der Semantik
......Page 151
2. Ein kontrastives Beispiel: stehen vs. stare......Page 153
2.1 Ein wortfeldtheoretischer Beschreibungsversuch
......Page 155
2.2 Probleme der wortfeldtheoretischen Beschreibung
......Page 160
2.3 Eine Alternative
......Page 162
2.4 Eine pragmatische Alternative
......Page 164
2.5 Ein pragmatischer Beschreibungsversuch
......Page 168
3. Fazit......Page 171
Literatur......Page 172
1. Theoretical position......Page 174
3. Aspects of 'content'......Page 175
4. Motivation and synchronic word famili......Page 176
4.2 Aspects of semantic motivation
......Page 177
5. Morphemic composition and speech acts......Page 179
6. Contrastive approach......Page 180
References......Page 181
1. The lexeme as an abstract unit......Page 184
2. Realization of lexemes in two media......Page 186
3. Medium-independent word-forms......Page 188
4. Remarks on the comparison of English and German......Page 193
5. Interlingual medium-shift......Page 195
References......Page 196
1. Introduction......Page 198
2. Numerals in non-numeric interpretation......Page 201
3. The polysemy of spatial prepositions: the case of It sopra/su and sotto
......Page 207
3.1 The descriptive facts......Page 209
3.2 Semantic structure and variation of sopra/su and sotto Let me summarize the descriptive outline:
......Page 212
3.3 Conceptual development and the inventory of word forms
......Page 216
4. Conclusion
......Page 217
References......Page 218
1. Introduction
......Page 220
2. Pseudo-partitive constructions......Page 221
3. Partitive Constructions......Page 227
References......Page 236
2. On the notion of contrastive idiom analysis
......Page 238
3. Problems of cross-linguistic equivalence
......Page 239
4. Combinatorial properties of idioms from a cross-linguistic point of view
......Page 242
4.1 A case of non-one-to-one equivalence......Page 243
4.2 The role of context......Page 246
References......Page 252
1. Sense tagging......Page 254
2. Approaches and options......Page 257
3. The larger context of meaning acquisition and disambiguation of acquired ambiguities
......Page 258
4. Methodology......Page 262
5. Discussion......Page 269
References......Page 270
GENERAL INDEX
......Page 274
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS......Page 280

✦ Subjects


Языки и языкознание;Лингвистика;Семантика;


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