Conducted Electromagnetic Interference in Power Converters: Modeling, Prediction and Reduction

✍ Scribed by Xinbo Ruan, Lihong Xie, Qing Ji, Xibo Yuan

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2024
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 227
• Series: CPSS Power Electronics Series
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book belongs to the subject of electrical engineering. It focuses on the modeling, prediction and reduction of conducted EMI in power converters including the AC-DC rectifiers, DC-DC converters and DC-AC inverters and provides the analytical models and solutions to conducted EMI issues in practical applications. The theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental results are well presented with figures and tables. This book is an essential and valuable reference for the graduate students and academics majoring in power electronics and the engineers being engaged in solving the conducted EMI issues in power converters. Senior undergraduate students majoring in electrical engineering and automation engineering also find this book useful.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Acknowledgements
About This Book
Contents
About the Authors
1 Introduction
1.1 A Brief Introduction to the EMC and EMI
1.1.1 The Concept of EMC
1.1.2 The Concept of Conducted and Radiated EMI
1.2 Conducted EMI in Power Converters
1.3 Modeling and Prediction of the CM and DM EMI in AC-DC Rectifiers
1.3.1 Operating Modes and Control Schemes for Boost PFC Converter
1.3.2 Modeling and Prediction of the CM and DM EMI in Boost PFC Converter
1.4 Modeling and Reduction of the CM EMI in DC-DC Converters
1.4.1 Modeling of the CM EMI in DC-DC Converters
1.4.2 Reduction of the CM EMI in DC-DC Converters
1.5 Modeling and Reduction of the CM EMI in DC-AC Inverters
1.6 Summary
References
2 Measurement of Conducted Electro-magnetic Interference (EMI) and Design of EMI Filter
2.1 Measurement of Conducted Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)
2.1.1 Test Setup for Measuring the Conducted EMI
2.1.2 Line Impedance Stabilization Network
2.1.3 Separation of the CM and DM Noises
2.1.4 EMI Receiver
2.2 Design of EMI Filter for Power Converters
2.2.1 Topology and Attenuation Performance of EMI Filter
2.2.2 Design of EMI Filter
2.3 Summary
References
3 Common-Mode and Differential-Mode Noise Equivalent Circuits for Boost Power Factor Correction Converter
3.1 Common-Mode and Differential-Mode Noises in Boost PFC Converter
3.1.1 Noise Propagation Path and Mixed-Mode Noise Reduction
3.1.2 CM and DM Noise Equivalent Circuits of Boost PFC Converter
3.2 Design of the EMI Filter for Boost PFC Converters
3.2.1 EMI Filter for Boost PFC Converters
3.2.2 Design of the EMI Filter for the Boost PFC Converter
3.3 Summary
References
4 Prediction of the Conducted Electro-magnetic Interference for Average-Current-Controlled Boost Power Factor Correction Converter
4.1 Operation Modes of Average-Current-Controlled Boost PFC Converters
4.2 The Voltage Across the Power Switch Under Different Operation Modes
4.2.1 The Waveforms of vDS in CCM and DCM Within a Switching Cycle
4.2.2 The Waveforms of Duty Cycle and vDS in a Half Line Cycle
4.3 Prediction of the Conducted EMI for the Boost PFC Converter
4.3.1 The Harmonic Amplitude of vDS
4.3.2 Characteristics of the Conducted EMI of the Boost PFC Converter
4.4 EMI Filter Design for Average-Current-Controlled Boost PFC Converter
4.5 Experimental Results
4.5.1 Specifications of the Prototype
4.5.2 Experimental Results
4.6 Summary
References
5 Prediction of the Conducted Electro-magnetic Interference for Critical Conduction Mode Boost Power Factor Correction Converter
5.1 Operation Principle of the CRM Boost PFC Converter
5.2 Conducted EMI Spectra of the CRM Boost PFC Converter
5.2.1 Harmonic Spectrum of vDS
5.2.2 Harmonic Spectra of the CM and DM Noise Voltages
5.2.3 Peak, Quasi-peak, and Average Spectra of the Conducted EMI
5.3 Prediction of the Conducted EMI of the CRM Boost PFC Converter
5.4 EMI Filter Design for the CRM Boost PFC Converter
5.5 Experimental Results
5.5.1 Specifications of the Prototype
5.5.2 Experimental Results
5.6 Summary
References
6 Modeling of the Common-Mode Noise for Isolated DC-DC Converters
6.1 The CM Noise Propagation Paths of Isolated DC-DC Converters
6.2 A Generalized Lumped Capacitance Model
6.2.1 Characteristics of Inter-winding Capacitance of the Transformer
6.2.2 The Displacement Current Flowing Through Inter-winding Capacitances
6.2.3 The General Lumped Capacitance Model of the Transformer
6.3 The CM Noise Model of Basic Isolated DC-DC Converters
6.3.1 Derivation for the CM Noise Model of Flyback Converter
6.3.2 The CM Noise Model of Other Basic Isolated DC-DC Converters
6.4 The CMNC Capability of Isolated DC-DC Converters
6.5 Experimental Verification and Discussions
6.5.1 The Verification of the Lumped Capacitance Model
6.5.2 The Verification of the CM Noise Model
6.6 Summary
References
7 Shielding-Based Common-Mode Noise Cancellation Techniques for Isolated DC-DC Converters
7.1 Shielding Techniques
7.1.1 Single-Shielding Technique
7.1.2 Double-Shielding Technique
7.2 Condition and Solutions to Achieve the CM Noise Cancellation
7.2.1 Condition to Achieve the CM Noise Cancellation
7.2.2 The AEP of Secondary-Winding Layers and Shielding Layers
7.2.3 Solutions to Achieve the CMNC Capability
7.3 Applications of the Shielding Winding Method
7.3.1 Combination of the Shielding Winding and Secondary Winding
7.3.2 Applications of the Shielding Winding Method
7.4 Application of the Combined Shielding and Balancing-Winding Method
7.4.1 The Secondary Rectifier and Filters for Applying the Combined Shielding and Balancing-Winding Method
7.4.2 Calculating the Turns of Balancing Winding and the Angle θ0
7.5 Hybrid Passive Cancellation Method
7.5.1 Principle of the HPC Method
7.5.2 Applications of the HPC Method
7.6 Experimental Verification and Discussion
7.6.1 Verification of the Shielding Winding Method
7.6.2 Verification of the Combined Shielding and Balancing-Winding Method
7.6.3 Verification of the HPC Method
7.7 Summary
References
8 Reducing the Common-Mode Noise in Phase-Shifted Full-Bridge Converter
8.1 The Common-Mode (CM) Noise Model of the Phase-Shifted Full-Bridge (PSFB) Converter
8.1.1 The PSFB Converter and Its CM Noise Model
8.1.2 The Derivation of the Two Capacitor Cae and Cbe
8.1.3 The Simplification of the CM Noise Model
8.2 Applying Symmetry Circuit to Eliminate the Impact of Resonant Inductor Voltage on the CM Noise
8.2.1 Adoption of Symmetrical Resonant Inductor
8.2.2 Adoption of Symmetrical Transformer
8.3 Applying Passive Cancellation to Eliminate the Impact of Midpoint Voltages on the CM Noise
8.3.1 Implementation I
8.3.2 Implementation II
8.4 The Necessity of Combining Two Methods
8.4.1 Solution with Only Symmetrical Resonant Inductor
8.4.2 Solution with Only Passive Cancellation Circuit
8.5 Experimental Verification
8.5.1 Descriptions of the Prototype
8.5.2 Measurement and Comparison of the CM Noise
8.6 Summary
References
9 Reducing the Common-Mode (CM) Noise in DC-DC Converters by the CM Voltage Cancellation Method
9.1 The Common-Mode Voltage Cancellation Method
9.2 Application of the CMVC Method in Non-isolated DC-DC Converters
9.3 Application of the CMVC Method in Isolated DC-DC Converters
9.4 Practical Considerations for the CMVC Method
9.4.1 Restriction of the Input Current
9.4.2 Influence of the Reflected CM Currents
9.4.3 Balancing Capacitor for Achieving the CMVC
9.4.4 Capacitive Coupling Effect
9.4.5 Effect of Leakage Inductance
9.5 Experimental Verification
9.5.1 Buck Converter
9.5.2 Half-Bridge LLC Resonant Converter
9.6 Summary
References
10 Reducing the Common-Mode Currents at the Input and Output Sides in Non-isolated DC-DC Conveters
10.1 The Common-Mode (CM) Noise Model of Buck Converter Considering the CM Impedances at the Input and Output Sides
10.2 The CM Current Reduction of Both Sides in Buck Converters
10.2.1 Derivation of the CM Noise Cancellation Method
10.2.2 Comparison of the Total Cross-Sectional Area of Windings
10.3 The Balance Condition Considering Imperfect Coupling
10.4 Applications in Other Non-isolated DC-DC Converters
10.5 Experimental Verification
10.6 Summary
References
11 Reducing the Common-Mode Currents at the Input and Output Sides in DC-AC Inverter Systems
11.1 A Generalized CM Noise Model of Inverter Systems
11.2 Derivation and Realization of the CM Voltage Cancellation Method
11.2.1 Derivation of the CM Voltage Cancellation Method
11.2.2 Realization of the CM Voltage Cancellation Method
11.3 Practical Considerations for the CMVC Method in Inverter Systems
11.3.1 Restriction of Input and Output Currents
11.3.2 Balancing Capacitor
11.3.3 The Influence of Parasitics in the CMT
11.3.4 Comparison with Other Methods
11.4 Experimental Verification
11.4.1 Specifications of the Prototype
11.4.2 The Verification of the CMVC Method
11.5 Summary
References