โ Scribed by Rogers, Donald W.
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
Chemists are often depicted in the popular media as sinister fellows who pour a solution from beaker A into beaker B with catastrophic results. In fact, we are neither more nor less sinister than the next person and we take elaborate precautions to avoid catastrophies. Nevertheless, the process of adding one or many components A of one kind to a system of another kind B to establish an equilibrium mixture is central to our art or science, and the theoretical examination of chemical equilibrium is the high point and culmination of classical chemical thermodynamics.
Suppose that gases A and B are capable of equilibration A(g) โ โ B(g) and arbitrary amounts of A(g) and B(g) are introduced into a closed container at 298 K. Because the amounts are arbitrary, the quotient of the partial pressures Q = p B / p A in the container will not be the equilibrium constant K eq . The chemical potentials G A and G B will probably not be in the standard state. Instead they will differ from G โข A and G โข B , by
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