Content: Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
Part I Basic Principles
Chapter 1 Principles of Waveguides
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Basic Optical Waveguides
1.3 Maxwell's Equations
1.4 The Wave Equation and Its Solutions
1.5 Boundary Conditions
1.6 Phase and Group Velocity
1.6.1 Phase Velocity
1.6.2 Group Velocity
1.7 Modes in Planar Optical Waveguide
1.7.1 Radiation Modes
1.7.2 Confinement Modes
1.8 Dispersion in Planar Waveguide
1.8.1 lntermodal Dispersion
1.8.2 lntramodal Dispersion
1.9 Summary
References
Chapter 2 Fundamentals of Photonic Crystals
2.1 Introduction 2.2 Types of PhCs2.2.1 1D PhCs
2.2.2 2D PhCs
2.2.3 3D PhCs
2.3 Photonic Band Calculations
2.3.1 Maxwell's Equations and the PhC
2.3.2 Floquet-Bloch Theorem, Reciprocal Lattice, and Brillouin Zones
2.3.3 Plane Wave Expansion Method
2.3.4 FDTD Method
2.3.5 Photonic Band for Square Lattice
2.4 Defects in PhCs
2.5 Fabrication Techniques of PhCs
2.5.1 Electron-Beam Lithography
2.5.2 Interference Lithography
2.5.3 Nano-Imprint Lithography
2.5.4 Colloidal Self-Assembly
2.6 Applications of PhCs
2.7 Photonic Crystal Fiber
2.7.1 Construction
2.7.2 Modes of Operation 2.7.3 Fabrication of PCF2.7.4 Applications of PCF
2.8 Summary
References
Chapter 3 Fundamentals of Liquid Crystals
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Molecular Structure and Chemical Composition of an LC Cell
3.3 LC Phases
3.3.1 Thermotropic LCs
3.3.2 Lyotropic LCs
3.3.3 Metallotropic LCs
3.4 LC Physical Properties in External Fields
3.4.1 Electric Field Effect
3.4.2 Magnetic Field Effect
3.5 Theortitcal Tratment of LC
3.5.1 LC Parameters
3.5.2 LC Models
3.6 LC Sample Preparation
3.7 LCs for Display Applications
3.8 LC Thermometers
3.9 Optical Imaging 3.10 LC into Fiber Optics and LC Planar Photonic Crystal3.11 LC Solar Cell
References
Part II Numerical Techniques
Chapter 4 Full-Vectorial Finite-Difference Method
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Overview of Modeling Methods
4.3 Formulation of the FVFDM
4.3.1 Maxwell's Equations
4.3.2 Wave Equation
4.3.3 Boundary Conditions
4.3.4 Maxwell's Equations in Complex Coordinate
4.3.5 Matrix Solution
4.4 Summary
References
Chapter 5 Assessment of the Full-Vectorial Finite-Difference Method
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Overview of the LC-PCF
5.3 Soft Glass
5.4 Design of Soft Glass PCF with LC Core 5.5 Numerical Results5.5.1 FVFDM Validation
5.5.2 Modal Hybridness
5.5.3 Effective Index
5.5.4 Effective Mode Area
5.5.5 Nonlinearity
5.5.6 Birefringence
5.5.7 Effect of the NLC Rotation Angle
5.5.8 Effect of the Temperature
5.5.9 Elliptical SGLC-PCF
5.6 Experimental Results of LC-PCF
5.6.1 Filling Temperature
5.6.2 Filling Time
5.7 Summary
References
Chapter 6 Full-Vectorial Beam Propagation Method
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Overview of the BPMs
6.3 Formulation of the FV-BPM
6.3.1 Slowly Varying Envelope Approximation
6.3.2 Paraxial and Wide-Angle Approximation