Compressibility, Turbulence and High Speed Flow

✍ Scribed by Thomas B. Gatski, Jean-Paul Bonnet

• Publisher: Elsevier Science
• Year: 2009
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 284
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book introduces the reader to the field of compressible turbulence and compressible turbulent flows across a broad speed range through a unique complimentary treatment of both the theoretical foundations and the measurement and analysis tools currently used. For the computation of turbulent compressible flows, current methods of averaging and filtering are presented so that the reader is exposed to a consistent development of applicable equation sets for both the mean or resolved fields as well as the transport equations for the turbulent stress field. For the measurement of turbulent compressible flows, current techniques ranging from hot-wire anemometry to PIV are evaluated and limitations assessed. Characterizing dynamic features of free shear flows, including jets, mixing layers and wakes, and wall-bounded flows, including shock-turbulence and shock boundary-layer interactions, obtained from computations, experiments and simulations are discussed. Key features: Describes prediction methodologies including the Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) method, scale filtered methods and direct numerical simulation (DNS) Presents current measurement and data analysis techniques Discusses the linkage between experimental and computational results necessary for validation of numerical predictions Meshes the varied results of computational and experimental studies in both free and wall-bounded flows to provide an overall current view of the fieldDr. Gatski has been involved in turbulent flow research for over 25 years, primarily in the development and application of turbulent models to aerodynamic flows. He has edited books and published extensively in the field, and now serves as an Editor-in-Chief for the International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow.Dr. Bonnet has worked on experimental research in compressible turbulence in supersonic flows since the early 1980s. He is a member of the Editorial Board of the International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow and the ERCOFTAC Special Interest Group on turbulence in compressible flows. * Describes prediction methodologies including the Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) method, scale filtered methods and direct numerical simulation (DNS) Presents current measurement and data analysis techniques Discusses the linkage between experimental and computational results necessary for validation of numerical predictions* Meshes the varied results of computational and experimental studies in both free and wall-bounded flows to provide an overall current view of the field

✦ Table of Contents

Cover......Page 1
Copyright......Page 2
Dedication
......Page 3
Preface
......Page 4
1. Kinematics, thermodynamics and fluid transport properties......Page 6
1.1
Kinematic preliminaries......Page 8
1.1.1
Motion of material elements......Page 9
1.1.2
Deformation......Page 10
1.1.3
Reynolds transport theorem......Page 13
1.2
Equilibrium thermodynamics......Page 14
1.3
Compressible subsonic and supersonic flows......Page 17
1.4
Turbulent flows and compressible turbulence......Page 21
2.1
Mass conservation......Page 25
2.2
Momentum conservation......Page 26
2.2.1
Surface forces: the stress tensor......Page 28
2.3
Energy conservation......Page 30
2.4
Solenoidal velocity fields and density changes......Page 34
2.5
Two-dimensional flow and a Reynolds analogy......Page 39
3.1
Averaged and filtered variables......Page 42
3.1.1
Reynolds average......Page 43
3.1.2
Average over fixed phase......Page 44
3.1.3
Temporal LES filters......Page 45
3.1.4
Spatial LES filters......Page 46
3.2
Density-weighted variables......Page 47
3.3
Transport equations for the mean/resolved field......Page 54
3.4
Fluctuation transport equations......Page 62
3.5.1
Strong Reynolds analogy......Page 67
3.5.2
Morkovin's hypothesis......Page 78
4.1
Experimental constraints for supersonic flows......Page 81
4.1.1
Constraints on wind tunnel testing......Page 82
4.1.2
Constraints on data collection and measurement apparatus......Page 85
4.2.1
Intrusive method: hot-wire anemometry......Page 90
4.2.2
Non-intrusive methods......Page 97
4.3
Analysis using modal representations......Page 107
4.4
Reynolds- and Favre-averaged correlations......Page 115
5.1
Direct numerical simulations......Page 119
5.2
Large eddy simulations and hybrid methods......Page 123
5.3
Closure of the Reynolds-averaged Navier--Stokes equations......Page 129
5.3.1
Differential turbulent stress transport equations......Page 130
5.3.2
Turbulent energy dissipation rate......Page 137
5.3.3
Pressure--strain rate correlation......Page 149
5.3.4
Scalar flux modelling......Page 155
5.3.5
Other closure issues......Page 160
6.1
Free shear flows......Page 163
6.1.1
Jets......Page 164
6.1.2
Mixing-layers......Page 167
6.1.3
Wakes......Page 187
6.2
Wall-bounded flows......Page 192
6.2.1
Thermal and velocity fields......Page 193
6.2.2
Skin-friction and shape factor......Page 207
7.1.1
Application of linear theory......Page 213
7.1.2
Numerical simulations......Page 220
7.1.3
Comparison with experimental results......Page 227
7.2.1
Free shear flows......Page 234
7.2.2
Wall-bounded flows......Page 240
References
......Page 249
Index
......Page 276