The precipitation and impregnation methods in the preparation of chromium-doped magnetite for water gas shift reaction (WGSR) were compared in this work. This reaction is an important step in the commercial production of highly pure hydrogen from natural gas or naphtha feedstocks. It was found that
Comparison between the shifted-Laplacian preconditioning and the controllability methods for computational acoustics
✍ Scribed by Tuomas Airaksinen; Sanna Mönkölä
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 2010
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 792 KB
- Volume
- 234
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0377-0427
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✦ Synopsis
Finite element method Spectral element method a b s t r a c t Processes that can be modelled with numerical calculations of acoustic pressure fields include medical and industrial ultrasound, echo sounding, and environmental noise. We present two methods for making these calculations based on Helmholtz equation. The first method is based directly on the complex-valued Helmholtz equation and an algebraic multigrid approximation of the discretized shifted-Laplacian operator; i.e. the damped Helmholtz operator as a preconditioner. The second approach returns to a transient wave equation, and finds the time-periodic solution using a controllability technique. We concentrate on acoustic problems, but our methods can be used for other types of Helmholtz problems as well. Numerical experiments show that the control method takes more CPU time, whereas the shifted-Laplacian method has larger memory requirement.
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