## Abstract For the first time different effective medium approximations that are widely used for effective refractive index and form‐anisotropy simulations in 2D nanostructures are compared to the plane‐wave expansion approach from the point of view of the refractive indices and form‐birefringence
Comparison between 2D and 3D numerical modeling of superplastic forming processes
✍ Scribed by Ridha Hambli; Alain Potiron
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 2001
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 662 KB
- Volume
- 190
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0045-7825
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✦ Synopsis
In this paper, the numerical results obtained by a ®nite element analysis in the case of superplastic sheet forming simulation are compared with the experimental ones to verify the validity of the ®nite element model (FEM) developed to predict the optimum pressure cycle, the deformed shapes, the distributions of the strain rate and the evolution of the thickness during the forming process. To compare the performance of 2D and 3D approaches, two analyses have been performed using a 2D model with 2D fully integrated continuum axisymmetric elements, and a 3D model with 3D fully integrated shell elements. Final results of the ®nite element modeling agree with the experimental ones.
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