Commodore 128 reference guide for programmers

✍ Scribed by Heiserman, David L.

• Publisher: H.W. Sams
• Year: 1986
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 562
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Category: Library

✦ Table of Contents

Preface ix

1 General Operating Procedures 1
The Three Main Operating Modes 2
Getting Familiar with the Keyboard 8
Quote-Mode Operations 16
Essential Disk Operations 17

2 BASIC Operations and Programming Procedures 23
Numeric and String Constants for BASIC 24
Numeric and String Variables in BASIC 28
Operators for Commodore BASIC 34
BASIC 7.0 Commands, Statements, and Functions 43
Keyboard Abbreviations of BASIC Operations 92
Dealing with BASIC Error Conditions 96
Tokenized BASIC Formats 106

3 DOS Operating and Programming Procedures 111
Preliminary Considerations 112
DOS-Related Commands, Functions, and Statements 113
DOS-Related Error Conditions 115
The Disk Directory 119
Disk Pormatting Procedures 121
Procedures for Saving Programs on Disk 125
Procedures for Loading Programs from Disk 132
Procedures for Copying Disk Files 138
Procedures for Cleaning Up Disks 140
Using the TEST/DEMO DISKETTE and DOS Shell 143
Sequentia! Text Files 144
Relative File Procedures 150
Direct-Access Disk Procedures 152

4 Monitor and Assembly Language Procedures 161
T~e Monitor's Hexadecimal Format 162
Essential Monitor Operations 163
The Monitor' s Machine-Language Aids 170

                Summary of 8502 Op Codes 175
                The 8502 Instruction Set 180

            5   Introduetion to CP/M Procedures                           201
                Bringing Up CP/M on the Commodore 128 202
                Help for Beginners 202
                Summary of CP/M Commands 206
                Makinga Backup Copy of the CP/M Disk 212

            6   Text Screen Procedures                                    215
                Preliminary Considerations 216
                Switching Column Formats 220
                Switching Character Sets 224
                Setting the Normal/Inverse Character Format 229
                Setting Screen and Character Colors 231
                Using Cursor Control Features 241
                Setting Alternative Text Windows 243
                Using the Screen-Editing Features 250
                Printing Text from Machine Language Programs 255
                Working with the Character Sets 264
                Working Directly with Screen Data 272
                Using Alternative Screen RAM Locations 276
                Writing Directly to the 80-Column Screen 279

            7   Bit-Mapped Graphics Procedures                            283
                Bit-Mapped Screen Formats 284
                Plotting Figures on the Graphics Sereens 290
                Rescaling the Screen 300
                Saving and Reloading Bit-Mapped Shapes 301
                Setting Graphics Sereens from Machine Language Routines 304
                Working Directly with Standard Bit-Mapped Sereens 307
                Working Directly with the Multicolor Bit-Map Screen 314

            8   Sprite Animation Procedures                               317
                Creating Sprite Figures 318
                Saving and Reloading Sprites 322
                Specifying, Positioning, a:qd Moving Sprites 323
                Detecting Sprite Collisions' 329
                Sprites and Machine Language Routines 337

            9   Sound and Music Procedures
                Preliminary Considerations 348         i
                                                        J                 347

                Using BASIC'sVOL and SOUND Staterne ts 351
                U sing BASIC' s PLAY and TEMPO Staterne ts 356
                Using the ENVELOPE Statement 360
                Using the FILTER Statement 362


 Working Directly with the SID Registers 363
 Working with Sound Enhancement Registers 369
 Summary of SID Registers 372

10 Keyboard Procedures 377
Keyboard Scanning Operations 378
Working with the Non-Scanned Keys 382
Using the Keyboard Queue and GETIN 382
Using the Main Keyboard Buffer 388
U sing the Function Keys 389

11 joystick, Paddle, Light Pen, and Mouse
Procedures 394
Joystick Procedures 394
Game Paddle Procedures 398

12 Printer and Communications Procedures 401
Printer Procedures 402
Using the RS-232-C Communications Feature 406

13 Commodore 128 Memory Maps 415
The Lower RAM Addresses: $0000-$03FF 416
The Upper RAM-Only Area: $0400-$3FFF 437
BASIC ROM: $4000-$AFFF 443
Screen Editor ROM: $COOO-$CFFF 453
I/0, ROM, and RAM Block: $DOOO-$DFFF 456
Kernal ROM: $EOOO-$FFFF 475

14 Memory Management Procedures 507
The Standard Bank Configurations 508
Bank-Switching Statements, Registers, and Procedures 515
Using the BANK 1 Contiguration 521
Summary of MMU Configuration Registers 525
Bank Switching Procedures 526

A Number-System Base Conversions 531
Hexadecimal-to-Decimal Conversions 532
Decimal-to-Hexadecimal Conversions 533
Conventional Decimal to Two-Byte Decimal Format 534
Two-Byte Decimal to Conventional Decimal Format 535
Binary-to-Decimal Conversion 536
Binary-to-Hexadecimal Conversion 537
Hexadecimal-to-Binary Conversion 538
Decimal-to-Binary Conversion 538
A Complete Conversion Table for Decimal 0-255 538

              B   Derived Trigonometrie Functions   544
                  Index                             545

✦ Subjects

Commodore 128 (Computer) -- Programming