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Color Doppler sonographic signs of respiration-dependent hepatofugal portal flow

✍ Scribed by Christian Görg; Ulf Seifart; Gerhard Zugmaier


Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2004
Tongue
English
Weight
448 KB
Volume
32
Category
Article
ISSN
0091-2751

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✦ Synopsis


Abstract

Purpose

The role of respiration in modulating blood flow in the portal vein is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenomenon of respiration‐dependent periodic hepatofugal portal venous blood flow as detected on color Doppler sonography.

Methods

Within 1 year, we identified 13 patients with respiration‐dependent reversal of blood flow in the portal vein that was diagnosed on color Doppler sonography. This phenomenon was investigated by color Doppler sonographic examination of the portal venous flow during both mid‐inspiration breath‐holding and a respiratory cycle including deep inspiration; evaluation of hepatic vein Doppler waveforms as normal (triphasic) or decreased (flattened); and echocardiographic examination to determine the presence or absence of tricuspid regurgitation.

Results

The patients' median age was 53 years (range, 26–87 years). Seven of the 13 patients had heart disease (tricuspid regurgitation) with or without liver disease, 3 had liver disease without heart disease, and 3 had other diseases with no evidence of heart or liver disease. On Doppler sonography, 10 of the 13 patients had increased portal venous pulsatility (7 of the 10 had tricuspid regurgitation; the other 3 did not); the remaining 3 patients had neither increased pulsatility nor tricuspid regurgitation. Sonographic follow‐up within 4 weeks in 4 of the 13 patients revealed loss of the respiration‐dependent hepatofugal portal flow.

Conclusions

Respiration‐dependent hepatofugal portal flow is a rare finding associated with periodic portal hypertension in patients with right heart insufficiency and liver disease. Its clinical significance is unclear. Among our patients, its occurrence was predominantly associated with an increased venous pulsatility index due to tricuspid regurgitation or venous outflow obstruction. Further study is needed to investigate whether periodic respiration‐dependent hepatofugal portal flow is predictive of the occurrence of continuous flow reversal. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 32:62–68, 2004