Clinician's Guide to Diagnostic Imaging

✍ Scribed by William R. Reinus (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2013
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 186
• Edition: 2014
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book is a concise guide to ordering radiology tests for diagnosis and treatment and provides best practice guidelines for patients whose management depends on a clinical question that is best approached through imaging. Organized primarily by organ system, it outlines considerations in selecting the most efficacious imaging studies based on the clinical history, laboratory values, and physical findings to arrive cost-effectively at a correct diagnosis. It also explores the current limitations of each imaging modality and presents evidence-based information to insure that patient safety considerations are observed when ordering potentially dangerous examinations. Clinician’s Guide to Diagnostic Imaging is a valuable resource for all physicians who regularly order imaging studies, including primary care physicians, family practitioners, internists, and surgeons alike. Further, this volume serves as an invaluable reference for medical students who are exposed to medical imaging for their first time or who are rotating through a radiology elective in medical school.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Contents
Contributors
Chapter 1: Imaging Modalities and Contrast Agents
Introduction
Imaging Modalities
Overview
Conventional Radiography
Ultrasound
Computed Tomography
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Nuclear Medicine
Contrast Media
Overview
Risk Factors Associated with Iodinated Contrast Media
Premedication
Breakthrough Reactions
Adverse Events Following Iodinated Contrast Media Administration
Non-Acute, Delayed Adverse Reactions
Contrast-Induced Nephrotoxicity
Metformin
Adverse Events After Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent Administration
Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis
Administration of Iodinated Contrast Media and GBCA in Pregnancy
Administration of Iodinated Contrast Media and GBCA to Breast-Feeding Mothers
References
Chapter 2: Neurological Imaging
Introduction
CNS Imaging Modalities: Overview
Plain Film Radiography
Computed Tomography
Ultrasound
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Clinical Scenarios
Headache (Pediatric)
Headache (Adult)
Seizure
Focal Neurologic Deficit
Transient Ischemic Attack
Stroke
Role of Imaging in Specific Scenarios
Carotid Stenosis
Triaging Patients for Thrombolytic therapy
Intracranial Mass Lesion
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Aneurysm Screening
Vascular Malformation
Treated Aneurysm Follow-Up
References
Chapter 3: Cardiothoracic Imaging
Introduction
Chest Radiography
Computed Tomography
Radionuclide Imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Angiography
Echocardiography
Clinical Scenarios
Shortness of Breath
Pneumothorax
Thoracic Trauma
Diaphragmatic Injury
Sternal Injury
Tracheobronchial Rupture
Acute Thoracic Aortic Injury
Pericardial and Cardiac Trauma
Imaging the Patient with Fever
Imaging the Patient with Hemoptysis
The Solitary Pulmonary Nodule
Imaging the Patient with Acute Chest Pain
Acute Chest Pain: Suspected Pulmonary Embolism
D-Dimer Test
Diagnostic Imaging Strategies
Chronic Chest Pain
Chronic Chest Pain of Probable Noncardiac Etiology
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
Imaging the Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
Surveillance: Serial Imaging
Acute Aortic Syndrome
References
Chapter 4: Breast Imaging
History of Breast Imaging
Screening Recommendations
The Radiologists’ Role
Breast Imaging Tools
Mammography
Tomosynthesis
Ultrasound
Elastography
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Molecular Breast Imaging (MBI, BSGI, Scintimammography)
Interventional Procedures
Stereotactic Core Biopsy
Ultrasound-Guided Breast Biopsy
MRI-Guided Biopsy
Cyst and Abscess Aspiration
Fine Needle Aspiration
Needle Localization for Breast Biopsy or Definitive Treatment of a Known Malignancy
Galactography
Clinical Scenarios
References
Chapter 5: Abdominal Imaging
Introduction
Imaging Techniques: Overview
Plain Radiography/Fluoroscopy
Ultrasound
Multidetector CT
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Imaging for Abdominal pain
Right Upper Quadrant Pain
Right Lower Quadrant Pain
Left Upper Quadrant Pain
Left Lower Quadrant Pain
Epigastric Pain
Imaging in Hepatobiliary Disorders
Imaging of Bowel Abnormalities
Stomach and Duodenum
Small Bowel
Colon
Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Hematuria
Adnexal Lesions and Female Pelvis
Acute Non-traumatic Scrotal Pain
Conclusion
References
Chapter 6: Musculoskeletal Imaging
Introduction
Imaging Modalities: Overview
Conventional Radiography/Plain Radiography
Ultrasound
Computed Tomography
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Nuclear Medicine
Trauma
Osseous Trauma
Soft Tissue Trauma
Infection
Osseous Infection (Osteomyelitis)
Spinal Infection (Osteomyelitis-Discitis, Spondylodiscitis)
Joint Infection (Septic Arthritis)
Soft Tissue Abscess
Pyomyositis
Necrotizing Fasciitis
Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic Space Occupying Lesions
Focal Lesions of Bone
Metastases to Bone
Multiple Myeloma
Soft Tissue Lesions
Arthritis
Metabolic
Osteoporosis
References
Chapter 7: Approach to Vascular Imaging
Introduction
Ultrasound
CT Angiography
Magnetic Resonance Angiography
Conventional Angiography
Head/Neck Vascular Imaging
Carotid Artery Narrowing
Carotid Artery or Vertebral Artery Dissection
Internal Jugular Vein Thrombosis
Upper Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis
Arterial Vasculidities
Dialysis Access
Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Abdominal Vasculature
Mesenteric Ischemia
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm/Dissection
Pelvic Congestion Syndrome
Varicocele
Thoracic Vasculature
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm/Dissection
Pulmonary Embolism
Percutaneous Biopsy
Conclusion
References
Index