A classiflcation system of dual relationships is presented. Dual relationshlps are conceptualized as not being inherently harmful or unethical. Options available to persons involved in dual relationships are discussed.
Dual relationships are prevalent in the helping professions. The American Psychological Association W A ) Ethics Committee (1988) reported that dual relationships accounted for 23% of all ethical complaints. Malley, Gallagher, and Brown (1992) noted that dual relationships are the second most frequent ethical dilemma reported by college and university counseling centers. In addition, dual relationship issues apparently affect all helping professionals, regardless of discipline (Borys & Pope, 1989), work setting, or client type (Herlihy & Corey. 1992).
Traditionally, discussion has revolved around determining the ethics of specific dual relationship scenarios. By this we mean that particular types of dual relationships (e.g.. sexual contact between a counselor and an active client) are examined to determine whether they are ethical or not. Authors who attempted to categorize dual relationships did so according to either the setting or the nature of the relationship. Borders and Leddick (1 987) divided dual relationships between supervisors and trainees into sexual involvement, supervisors counseling trainees, and other Brim Pearson is a doctoral candidate, and Nick PLaZur is a faculty member. both in the Counselor and Human Services Department at the Vniversftg of Toledo, Ohio.