Cigarette-smoking as a risk factor for macroproteinuria and proliferative retinopathy in Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes

✍ Scribed by I. Mühlhauser; P. Sawicki; M. Berger

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 1986
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 296 KB
• Volume: 29
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0012-186X
• DOI: 10.1007/bf00453501

✦ Synopsis

In a case control study 192 cigarette-smoking patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes were compared with 192 non-cigarette-smoking patients pair-matched for sex (90 females), duration of diabetes (mean 14 years), and age (mean 32 years). Macroproteinuria was found in 19.3% of the smoking and in 8.3% of the non-smoking patients (p < 0.001). Proliferative retinopathy was present in 12.5% of the smoking and in 6.8% of the non-smoking patients (p < 0.025). The percentages of patients with normal proteinuria or without reti-nopathy were comparable between the two groups. In addition, glycosylated haemoglobin values and the prevalence of hypertension were similar between smoking and non-smoking patients. Thus, cigarette-smoking appears to be a risk factor for the progression of incipient to overt nephropathy and of background to proliferative retinopathy in Type 1 diabetes.