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Chromatin remodeling by ATP-dependent molecular machines

✍ Scribed by Alexandra Lusser; James T. Kadonaga

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2003
Tongue
English
Weight
265 KB
Volume
25
Category
Article
ISSN
0265-9247

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✦ Synopsis

The eukaryotic genome is packaged into a periodic nucleoprotein structure termed chromatin. The repeating unit of chromatin, the nucleosome, consists of DNA that is wound nearly two times around an octamer of histone proteins. To facilitate DNA-directed processes in chromatin, it is often necessary to rearrange or to mobilize the nucleosomes. This remodeling of the nucleosomes is achieved by the action of chromatin-remodeling complexes, which are a family of ATP-dependent molecular machines. Chromatin-remodeling factors share a related ATPase subunit and participate in transcriptional regulation, DNA repair, homologous recombination and chromatin assembly. In this review, we provide an overview of chromatin-remodeling enzymes and discuss two possible mechanisms by which these factors might act to reorganize nucleosome structure.

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