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Changes in membrane trafficking and actin dynamics during axon formation in cultured hippocampal neurons

✍ Scribed by Bradke, Frank; Dotti, Carlos G.

Book ID
101224978
Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2000
Tongue
English
Weight
163 KB
Volume
48
Category
Article
ISSN
1059-910X

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✦ Synopsis

Neurons begin to polarize when one of the neurites becomes the axon. Hippocampal neurons in cell culture have a sharp transition between their unpolarized and polarized stage revealed by the rapid growth of the future axon. Recent progress shows that both a cytoplasmic membrane flow and actin dynamics govern axon formation, and thereby initial neuronal polarization. We here review these mechanisms, evaluate their physiological role, and show similarities to the transient polarization of migrating fibroblasts. Finally, we present a model how actin dynamics and vectorial membrane flow may interact to achieve axon formation. Microsc.

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## Abstract Spatial and temporal control of intracellular calcium signaling is essential for neuronal development and function. The termination of local Ca^2+^ signaling and the maintenance of basal Ca^2+^ levels require specific extrusion systems in the plasma membrane. In rat hippocampal neurons