Changes in astrocytic glutamate catabolism enzymes following neuronal degeneration or viral infection
✍ Scribed by Marie-Francoise Belin; Marianne Didier-Bazes; Hidéo Akaoka; Hélène Hardin-Pouzet; Arlette Bernard; Pascale Giraudon
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1997
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 272 KB
- Volume
- 21
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0894-1491
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✦ Synopsis
Functional changes in astrocytes are among the earliest cellular responses to a wide variety of insults to the central nervous system (CNS). Such responses significantly contribute to maintaining CNS homeostasis. In this context, by controlling energetic metabolism and overall excitability of the CNS, the modulation of glutamate uptake and catabolism in astrocytes is crucial. Here, we review specific modulations of the expression of glutamate cabolizing enzymes (glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase) in response to CNS insults (degeneration of serotonergic neurons or viral infection by a human retrovirus, HTLV-I). The cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the control of the glutamate catabolism are discussed in relation to neurological disorders.