Prostate cancer continues to be a major threat to men's health, the second most common cancer in men, in many countries. Therefore it is increasingly important that those faced with difficult clinical questions make the right decisions. Since the first volume was published in 2000, many debates persist but new controversies have also emerged, reflected in the chapters of this new volume. New authors have been recruited to give their insight into newer areas of this controversial topic. Challenges in prostate cancer provides a series of state-of-the-art review articles, each of which addresses and answers a contentious question. It includes chapters on medical and surgical management of all stages of prostate cancer, clinical investigation, epidemiology, clinical trials and basic scientific research and covers issues such as the genetic basis of cancer, clinical economics and influence. The authors have used their expertise to distil the available evidence into practical advice to be used by busy urologists in their day-to-day practice. And as well as being an overview of current practice many chapters attempt to give insights into the future direction of prostate cancer research and clinical management.