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Products of certain species of Cordia are reported to have anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study we examined the effects of Cordia myxa fruit on experimentally induced colitis in rats. Colitis was induced by intra rectal administration of 4% acetic acid. Colitic, normal and the corresponding control animals were included. Body weight was recorded daily. All the animals were sacrificed 4 days after the fruit treatment. Colitis was monitored histologically and by activity of myeloperoxidase. Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, as well as total antioxidant status and concentrations of zinc, copper, manganese, selenium and iron were assayed in plasma, liver and colon using standard methods. Histology of the colon of colitic rats showed acute colitis that was confirmed by a significant increase in the myeloperoxidase activity. Colitis was associated with significant decreases in the tissue activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and lower concentrations of trace elements. Histological examination and myeloperoxidase activity showed that the fruit treatment reversed the above parameters in the inflamed colon, as well as in liver and plasma of colitic rats. The present results suggest that the observed anti-inflammatory effect of the Cordia myxa may partly be attributed to its anti-oxidant property and to restoration of the levels of trace elements in the inflamed colon, liver and plasma.
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