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Cardiac excitation–contraction coupling in the absence of Na+–Ca2+ exchange

✍ Scribed by Hannes Reuter; Scott A. Henderson; Tieyan Han; Giuliano A. Mottino; Joy S. Frank; Robert S. Ross; Joshua I. Goldhaber; Kenneth D. Philipson


Book ID
114117751
Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
2003
Tongue
English
Weight
424 KB
Volume
34
Category
Article
ISSN
0143-4160

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## Abstract Intracellular Na^+^ concentration ([Na^+^]~i~) is very important in modulating the contractile and electrical activity of the heart. Upon electrical excitation of the myocardium, voltage‐dependent Na^+^ channels open, triggering the upstroke of the action potential (AP). During the AP,