✦ LIBER ✦

Cancer and occupation: Status and needs of epidemiologic research

✍ Scribed by Philip Cole

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
Year: 1977
Tongue: English
Weight: 398 KB
Volume: 39
Category: Article
ISSN: 0008-543X
DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(197704)39:4+<1788::aid-cncr2820390807>3.0.co;2-5

No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.

✦ Synopsis

In the United States about 15% of cancer in men and 5% of cancer in women is probably due to occupational exposures. Yet, among the popplations actually exposed, occupational cancer is a major health hazard. Further, occupational carcinogenesis should be studied because of its scientific interest and the likely generalizability of findings to non-occu ational exposures. The alert clinician groups of cases occur, particularly cases of rare tumors among relatively young persons, an occupational exposure should be suspect. A reasonably detailed occupation history should be included in every medical record. Formal evaluation, measurement of risk and identification of specific hazards is usually done by epidemiologic methods. Several approaches to the improvement of these methods and, possibly, to disease control are presented. remains the most important source o P leads to occupational cancer. When C U ~C C ~ 39~1788-1791, 1977.

HE LITERATURE IS REPLETE BOTH WITH RE-T ports of isolated carcinogenic hazards in the work environment and with collective reviews of the same. It is not my objective here to provide another such compilation as this has recently been done.' Rather, I shall try to identify the pertinent issues in occupational carcinogenesis, and to perceive the nature of our needs. I t should then be possible to use these perceptions as a basis for action to be recommended to the clinician, the industrial hygienist and the epidemiologist.

Historical Perspectives

A study of history often gives us a useful perspective obtainable in no other way. I believe this is the case in occupational carcinogenesis and so I would like to go back 275 years. The first review of occupational hazards was Ramazzini's De Morbis ArtiJicum Diatriba, published in 1700.13 It describes the excess risk of breast cancer among nuns. However, Ramazzini correctly stated that this risk reflected celibacy and not

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