✍ Scribed by Plewa, Michael J. ;Dowd, Patrick A. ;Wagner, Elizabeth D.
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
A standard protocol for the yellow-green-2 bg2) forward mutation assay in Zea mays is proposed. A detailed calibration of the assay using 137Cs gamma rays and ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) was conducted. Gamma ray-induced mutant sectors in leaves 4 and 5 exhibited one-hit kinetics. The radiation doses ranged from 25 to 500 rads. The mean induced mutation rate per rad of gamma radiation was 4.54 X lop6. This value was constant for the primordial cells of leaves 4 or 5. The induction of forward mutation by EMS also exhibited one-hit kinetics in the concentration range 0.25-20 mM (0.33-23.54 pmol EMS/kernel). The mean induced mutation rate per mM EMS was 1.79 X lop4, and the mean induced mutation rate per pmol of EMS per kernel was 1.52 X lop4. Using the induced mutation rates for gamma radiation and EMS, the rad equivalent was calculated. One rad of gamma radiation is equivalent to the exposure of a 2.53 X lo-' M EMS solution or to 2.99 X lop8 mol of EMS per kernel.
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