A recently developed method for predicting binding affinities in ligand᎐receptor complexes, based on interaction energy averaging and conformational sampling by molecular dynamics simulation, is presented. Polar and nonpolar contributions to the binding free energy are approximated by a linear scali
Calculation of binding free energies of inhibitors to plasmepsin II
✍ Scribed by Denise Steiner; Chris Oostenbrink; François Diederich; Martina Zürcher; Wilfred F. van Gunsteren
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2011
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 783 KB
- Volume
- 32
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0192-8651
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
✦ Synopsis
Abstract
An understanding at the atomic level of the driving forces of inhibitor binding to the protein plasmepsin (PM) II would be of interest to the development of drugs against malaria. To this end, three state of the art computational techniques to compute relative free energies—thermodynamic integration (TI), Hamiltonian replica‐exchange (H‐RE) TI, and comparison of bound versus unbound ligand energy and entropy—were applied to a protein‐ligand system of PM II and several exo‐3‐amino‐7‐azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes and the resulting relative free energies were compared with values derived from experimental IC~50~ values. For this large and flexible protein‐ligand system, the simulations could not properly sample the relevant parts of the conformational space of the bound ligand, resulting in failure to reproduce the experimental data. Yet, the use of Hamiltonian replica exchange in conjunction with thermodynamic integration resulted in enhanced convergence and computational efficiency compared to standard thermodynamic integration calculations. The more approximate method of calculating only energetic and entropic contributions of the ligand in its bound and unbound states from conventional molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reproduced the major trends in the experimental binding free energies, which could be rationalized in terms of energetic and entropic characteristics of the different structural and physico‐chemical properties of the protein and ligands. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
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