Building chatbots with Python: using natural language processing and machine learning

✍ Scribed by Raj, Sumit

• Publisher: Apress
• Year: 2018;2019
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 205
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Build your own chatbot using Python and open source tools. This book begins with an introduction to chatbots where you will gain vital information on their architecture. You will then dive straight into natural language processing with the natural language toolkit (NLTK) for building a custom language processing platform for your chatbot. With this foundation, you will take a look at different natural language processing techniques so that you can choose the right one for you.
The next stage is to learn to build a chatbot using the API.ai platform and define its intents and entities. During this example, you will learn to enable communication with your bot and also take a look at key points of its integration and deployment.
The final chapter ofBuilding Chatbots with Pythonteaches you how to build, train, and deploy your very own chatbot. Using open source libraries and machine learning techniques you will learn to predict conditions for your bot and develop a conversational agent as a web application. Finally you will deploy your chatbot on your own server with AWS.
What You Will Learn

Gain the basics of natural language processing using Python


Collect data and train your data for the chatbot


Build your chatbot from scratch as a web app


Integrate your chatbots with Facebook, Slack, and Telegram


Deploy chatbots on your own server

Who This Book Is For
Intermediate Python developers who have no idea about chatbots. Developers with basic Python programming knowledge can also take advantage of the book.

✦ Table of Contents

Table of Contents......Page 5
About the Author......Page 10
About the Technical Reviewer......Page 11
Acknowledgments......Page 12
Introduction......Page 13
Chapter 1: The Beloved Chatbots......Page 16
Popularity of Chatbots Usage......Page 17
The Zen of Python and Why It Applies to Chatbots?......Page 18
The Business Perspective......Page 20
Chatbots Bring Revenue......Page 21
A Glimpse of Chatbot Usage......Page 23
Customers Prefer Chatbots......Page 24
The Developer’s Perspective......Page 25
Market Demand......Page 26
Industries Impacted by Chatbots......Page 27
1950......Page 28
1995......Page 29
2014......Page 30
What Kind of Problems Can I Solve Using Chatbots?......Page 31
Does It Have Highly Repetitive Issues That Require Either Analyzing or Fetching of Data?......Page 32
A QnA Bot......Page 33
Decision Trees in Chatbots......Page 35
How Does a Decision Tree Help?......Page 36
The Best Chatbots/Bot Frameworks......Page 40
Components of a Chatbot and Terminologies Used......Page 41
Utterances......Page 42
Confidence Score......Page 43
Why Do I Need to Know Natural Language Processing to Build a Chatbot?......Page 44
Benchmarks Results of spaCy......Page 46
Features of spaCy......Page 47
Installation and Prerequisites......Page 48
What Are SpaCy Models?......Page 50
POS Tagging......Page 52
Stemming and Lemmatization......Page 57
Named-Entity Recognition......Page 59
Stop Words......Page 62
Dependency Parsing......Page 64
What Are Ancestors in Dependency Parsing?......Page 65
Interactive Visualization for Dependency Parsing......Page 66
What Is the Use of Dependency Parsing in Chatbots?......Page 68
Noun Chunks......Page 69
Finding Similarity......Page 70
Good to Know Things in NLP for Chatbots......Page 73
Tokenization......Page 74
Regular Expressions......Page 75
Summary......Page 76
Introduction to Dialogflow......Page 77
Deciding the Scope......Page 79
Building a Food Ordering Chatbot......Page 80
Getting Started With Dialogflow......Page 81
Points to Remember When Creating Intents......Page 85
Adding Default Response to the Intent......Page 86
Item Description Intent and Belonging Entities......Page 87
Understanding and Replying Back to the User......Page 91
Order Status Intent......Page 92
User_Order_ID Intent......Page 93
User_Thanks Intent......Page 95
Deploying Dialogflow Chatbot on the Web......Page 96
Setting Up Facebook......Page 100
Creating a Facebook App......Page 101
Setting Up the Dialogflow Console......Page 102
Access Tokens......Page 103
Configuring Webhooks......Page 104
Testing the Messenger Bot......Page 105
Fulfillment......Page 110
Enabling Webhook......Page 112
Checking the Response......Page 115
Summary......Page 117
Chapter 4: Building Chatbots the Hard Way......Page 118
Why Should I Use Rasa NLU?......Page 119
Installing Rasa......Page 120
Deciding a Pipeline in Rasa......Page 121
Building a Horoscope Bot......Page 122
Conversation Script Between the Horoscope Bot and the User......Page 123
Preparing Data for Chatbot......Page 124
Creating Data for Model in JSON Format......Page 125
Visualizing and Modifying Rasa’s JSON Data Format......Page 127
Training the Chatbot Model......Page 129
Creating a Configuration File......Page 130
Writing Python Code to Train the Model and Predict......Page 131
Predicting From the Model......Page 132
Dialog Management Using Rasa Core......Page 134
Understanding More on Rasa Core and Dialog System......Page 135
Action......Page 138
Slots......Page 139
Creating Domain File for the Chatbot......Page 140
Writing Custom Actions of the Chatbot......Page 143
Data Preparation for Training the Bot......Page 146
Creating Story Data......Page 147
Training the Chatbot Agent Model......Page 149
Real-Time Training by Reinforcement......Page 153
rasa-nlu-sdk......Page 155
Exporting Conversations As Stories......Page 163
Test Case 1......Page 165
Summary......Page 166
Rasa’s Credential Management......Page 168
Creating an App on Heroku......Page 170
Creating and Setting Up an App at Facebook......Page 171
Creating and Deploying Rasa Actions Server App on Heroku......Page 174
Creating Rasa Chatbot API App......Page 176
Creating a Standalone Script for Facebook Messenger Chatbot......Page 177
Integrating Webhook With Facebook......Page 180
Post-Deployment Verification: Facebook Chatbot......Page 182
Creating a Standalone Script for Slack Chatbot......Page 184
Subscribe to Slack Events......Page 188
Subscribe to Bot Events......Page 189
Post-Deployment Verification: Slack Bot......Page 190
Deploying the Chatbot on Your Own......Page 191
Writing a Script for Your Own Chatbot Channel......Page 192
Verifying Your Chatbot APIs......Page 194
Creating the Chatbot UI......Page 196
Summary......Page 200
Index......Page 202

✦ Subjects

Computer Science;Programming