Bone formation in transforming growth factor ?-1-coated porous poly(propylene fumarate) scaffolds

✍ Scribed by Vehof, Johan W. M. ;Fisher, John P. ;Dean, David ;van der Waerden, Jan-Paul C. M. ;Spauwen, Paul H. M. ;Mikos, Antonios G. ;Jansen, John A.

• Book ID: 102292511
• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 2002
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 247 KB
• Volume: 60
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0021-9304
• DOI: 10.1002/jbm.10073

✦ Synopsis

Abstract

This study determined the bone growth into pretreated poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) scaffolds implanted into a subcritical size, rabbit cranial defect. PPF scaffolds were constructed by using a photocrosslinking‐porogen leaching technique. These scaffolds were then either prewetted (PPF‐Pw), treated with RF glow‐discharge (PPF‐Gd), coated with fibronectin (PPF‐Fn), or coated with rhTGF‐β~1~ (PPF‐TGF‐β~1~). One of each scaffold type was then placed into the cranium of nine rabbits. The rabbits were sacrificed after 8 weeks, and the scaffolds were retrieved for histological analysis. The most bone formation was present in the PPF‐TGF‐β~1~ implants; the newly formed bone had a trabecular appearance together with bone marrow‐like tissue. Little or no bone formation was observed in implants without rhTGF‐β~1~. These histological findings were confirmed by image analysis. Bone surface area, bone area percentage, pore fill percentage, and pore area percentage were significantly higher in the rhTGF‐β~1~‐coated implants than in the noncoated implants. No statistical difference was seen between the PPF‐Fn, PPF‐Pw, or PPF‐Gd scaffolds for these parameters. Quadruple fluorochrome labeling showed that in PPF‐TGF‐β~1~ implants bone formation mainly started in the interior of a pore and proceeded toward the scaffold. We conclude that (a) PPF‐TGF‐β~1~ scaffolds can indeed adequately induce bone formation in porous PPF, and (b) PPF scaffolds prepared by the photocrosslinking‐porogen leaching technique are good candidates for the creation of bone graft substitutes. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 60: 241–251, 2002; DOI 10.1002/jbm.10073