๐”– Scriptorium
โœฆ   LIBER   โœฆ

๐Ÿ“

Blast Waves (Shock Wave and High Pressure Phenomena)

โœ Scribed by Charles E. Needham


Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
2010
Tongue
English
Leaves
336
Edition
1
Category
Library

โฌ‡  Acquire This Volume

No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.

โœฆ Synopsis


The primary purpose of this text is to document many of the lessons that have been learned during the author 's more than forty years in the field of blast and shock. The writing therefore takes on an historical perspective, in some sense, because it follows the author 's experience. The book deals with blast waves propagating in fluids or materials that can be treated as fluids.It begins by distinguishing between blast waves and the more general category of shock waves. It then examines several ways of generating blast waves, considering the propagation of blast waves in one, two and three dimensions as well as through the real atmosphere. One section treats the propagation of shocks in layered gases in a more detailed manner.The book also details the interaction of shock waves with structures in particular reflections, progressing from simple to complex geometries, including planar structures, two-dimensional structures such as ramps or wedges, reflections from heights of burst, and three-dimensional structures.Intended for those with a basic knowledge of algebra and a solid grasp of the concepts of conservation of mass and energy, the text includes an introduction to blast wave terminology and conservation laws as well as a discussion of units and the importance of consistency.

โœฆ Table of Contents


Chapter 1: Introduction
Introduction
Chapter 2: Some Basic Air Blast Definitions
Formation of a Shock Wave
Methods for Generating a Shock Wave
Chapter 3: The Rankine-Hugoniot Relations
Real Air Effects on Gamma
Variable gamma Rankine-Hugoniot Relations
Some Useful Shock Relations
References
Chapter 4: Formation of Blast Waves
The Taylor Wave
The Sedov Solution
Rarefaction Waves
Nuclear Detonation Blast Standard [7]
Description of Blast Wave Formation from a Nuclear Source
Description of Energy Deposition and Early Expansion
The 1 KT Nuclear Blast Standard
Construction of the Fits
Overpressure Fit
Overdensity Fit
Velocity Fit
References
Chapter 5: Ideal High Explosive Detonation Waves
Chapman-Jouget Relations
Equation of State
Analytic Integration
Solid Explosive Detonation
TNT Detonation
High Explosive Blast Standard
Ideal Detonation Waves in Gasses
Fuel-Air Explosives
Gaseous Fuel-Air Explosives
Liquid Fuel Air Explosives
Solid Fuel Air Explosives (SFAE)
References
Chapter 6: Cased Explosives
Extremely Light Casings
Light Casings
Moderate to Heavily Cased Charges
Fragmentation
Energy Balance
Gurney Relations
Mottยดs Distribution
The Modified Fano Equation
First Principles Calculation of Blast from Cased Charges
Active Cases
References
Chapter 7: Blast Wave Propagation
One Dimensional Propagation
Numerical Representations of One Dimensional Flows
Two Dimensional Propagation
Numerical Representations of Two Dimensional Flows
Three Dimensional Propagation
Numerical Representations of Three Dimensional Flows
Low Overpressure Propagation
Acoustic Wave Propagation
Non-Linear Acoustic Wave Propagation
References
Chapter 8: Boundary Layers
General Description
Boundary Layer Formation and Growth
Termination of a Boundary Layer
Calculated and Experimental Boundary Layer Comparisons
References
Chapter 9: Particulate Entrainment and Acceleration
Particulate Sweep-up
Pressure and Insertion Velocity
Drag and Multi-Phase Flow
Particulate Effects on Dynamic Pressure
Effects of Water
References
Chapter 10: Instabilities
Raleigh-Taylor Instabilities
Kelvin-Helmholtz Instabilities
Richtmyer-Meshkov Instabilities
References
Chapter 11: Measurement Techniques
Use of Smoke Rockets
Smoke Puffs
Painted Backdrops
Overpressure Measurements
Passive Techniques
Self Recording Gauges
Active Electronic Gauges
Density Measurements
Velocity Measurement
Angle of Flow Measurement
Temperature Measurement
Dynamic Pressure Measurement
Stagnation Pressure Measurement
Total Impulse Gauge
References
Chapter 12: Scaling Blast Parameters
Yield Scaling
Application to Nuclear Detonations
Atmospheric Scaling
Examples of Scaling
Chapter 13: Blast Wave Reflections
Regular Reflections
Regular Reflection at Non-perpendicular Incidence
Mach Reflection
Simple or Single Mach Reflection
Complex Mach Reflection
Double Mach Reflection
Planar Reflections
Single Wedge Reflections
Pressure Above the Reflecting Surface
Mean Free Path Effects
Rough Wedge Reflections
Reflections from Curved Surfaces
References
Chapter 14: Height of Burst Effects
Ideal Surfaces
Nuclear Detonations
Solid High Explosive Detonations
Range for Mach Transition
Height of Burst Over Real Surfaces
Surface Response
Surface Roughness Effects
Dust Scouring Effects
Terrain Effects
Thermal Interactions (precursors)
Free Field Propagation in One Dimension
Shock Tube Example
Thermal Interactions Over Real Terrain
Generating a Heated Layer
Organic Surface Material
Simulation of Thermal Layers
Decursor Simulation
References
Chapter 15: Structure Interactions
Pressure Loads
Impulse Loads
Non Ideal Blast Wave Loads
Negative Phase Effects on Structure Loads
Effects of Structures on Propagation
The Influence of Rigid and Responding Structures
References
Chapter 16: External Detonations
Chapter 17: Internal Detonations
Blast Propagation in Tunnels
References
Chapter 18: Simulation Techniques
Blast Waves in Shock Tubes
High Explosive Charges
Charge Arrays
Use of Exit Jets to Simulate Nuclear Thermal Precursor Blast Environments
References
Chapter 19: Some Notes on Non-ideal Explosives
Properties of Non-ideal Explosives
Combustion or Afterburning Dependency of Non-ideal Explosives
Charge Size
Casing Effects
Proximity of Reflecting Surfaces
Effects of Venting From the Structure
Oxygen Availability
Importance of Particle Size Distribution in Thermobarics
References
Chapter 20: Modeling Blast Waves
Non-linear Shock Addition Rules
Image Bursts
Modeling the Mach Stem
Loads from External Sources
A Model for Propagating Blast Waves Around Corners
Blast Propagation Through an Opening in a Wall
Angular Dependence of Transmitted Wave
Blast Wave Propagation Through a Second Opening
References
Needham_Index_o.pdf
: Index


๐Ÿ“œ SIMILAR VOLUMES


Multiscale Mechanics of Shock Wave Proce
โœ Yurii Meshcheryakov ๐Ÿ“‚ Library ๐Ÿ“… 2021 ๐Ÿ› Springer ๐ŸŒ English

<p><span>This book presents theoretical and experimental investigations of mechanical behavior of solids under shock loading and highlights a multi-scale exchange process of energy and momentum between meso and macroscopic hierarchy. It also widely covers experimental approaches for the multi-scale

Fundamentals of Shock Wave Propagation i
โœ Lee Davison ๐Ÿ“‚ Library ๐Ÿ“… 2008 ๐Ÿ› Springer ๐ŸŒ English

<span>My intent in writing this book is to present an introduction to the thermo- chanical theory required to conduct research and pursue applications of shock physics in solid materials. Emphasis is on the range of moderate compression that can be produced by high-velocity impact or detonation of c

Intense Shock Waves on Earth and in Spac
โœ Vladimir Fortov ๐Ÿ“‚ Library ๐Ÿ“… 2021 ๐Ÿ› Springer ๐ŸŒ English

<p><span>This book focuses on the non-traditional branches of physics and mechanics of shock waves that have arisen recently in connection with the intensive study of these waves in a wide variety of phenomena - from nuclear matter to clusters of galaxies. The book is devoted to the various physical

Detonation Phenomena of Condensed Explos
โœ Shiro Kubota (editor) ๐Ÿ“‚ Library ๐Ÿ› Springer ๐ŸŒ English

<p><span>This book presents fundamental theory of shock and detonation waves as well as selected studies in detonation research in Japan, contributed by selected experts in safety research on explosives, development of industrial explosives, and application of explosives. It also reports detonation