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Bladder outlet obstruction nomogram for women with lower urinary tract symptomatology

✍ Scribed by Jerry G. Blaivas; Asnat Groutz


Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2000
Tongue
English
Weight
305 KB
Volume
19
Category
Article
ISSN
0733-2467

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✦ Synopsis


The aim of our study was to construct a bladder outlet obstruction nomogram for women with lower urinary tract symptoms. A urodynamic database of 600 consecutive women was reviewed. Bladder outlet obstruction, utilizing strict diagnostic criteria, was diagnosed in 50 (8.3%) patients. A comparison of patient characteristics, uroflowmetry, and detrusor pressure-uroflow studies was carried out between the obstructed patients (mean age, 64.4 Β± 17.6 years) and 50 age-matched unobstructed controls (mean age, 64.8 Β± 10.7 years). Maximum flow rates were significantly higher in free uroflow studies (free Qmax) than in pressureflow studies (Qmax), in both obstructed (9.3 Β± 3.7 versus 5.7 Β± 3.6 mL/s, respectively. P ‫ב‬ 2.6 10 -6 ) and unobstructed (25.6 Β± 11.2 versus 11.8 Β± 5.9 mL/s, respectively. P ‫ב‬ 8.7 10 -12 ) patients. Comparison of detrusor pressure at maximum flow (pdet.Qmax) and maximum detrusor pressure during voiding (pdet.max) values did not reveal significant differences, in both obstructed (39.3 Β± 18.4 versus 49.7 Β± 25.5 cm H 2 O, respectively) and unobstructed (16.5 Β± 8.4 versus 20.6 Β± 9.2 cm H 2 O, respectively) patients. Further statistical analysis was carried out to construct bladder outlet obstruction nomogram. The nomogram classifies any pair of values of free Qmax and pdet.max into one of the following four zones: no obstruction, mild obstruction, moderate obstruction, and severe obstruction. Of the 50 obstructed women, 34 (68%) were classified by the nomogram as mildly, 12 (24%) as moderately, and 4 (8%) as severely obstructed. A positive correlation was found between subjective severity of the symptoms (assessed by the AUA Symptom Index score) and the four nomogram zones. In conclusion, the nomogram makes it possible to differentiate between obstructed and unobstructed women and between various degrees of obstruction. We believe the nomogram may also serve as an instrument to assess treatment outcomes.


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1 Other terms might have been chosen to denote accuracy and reproducibility. Terms such as precision, validity, observer or interrater variability, observer error, and efficacy have been used. At the moment it does not seem possible to establish a commonly accepted terminology.