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Biologic significance of surface microroughing in bone incorporation of porous bioactive glass implants

✍ Scribed by Ari Itälä; Jyri Koort; Heimo O. Ylänen; Mikko Hupa; Hannu T. Aro

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2003
Tongue
English
Weight
226 KB
Volume
67A
Category
Article
ISSN
1549-3296

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

A novel chemical etching method was recently developed to create a controlled microrough surface on porous bioactive glass implants. Our earlier in vitro studies showed enhanced attachment of osteoblast‐like MG63 cells on a microrough bioactive glass surface. The purpose of our current study was to confirm the in vivo significance of surface microroughening for bone bonding of bioactive glass. Porous bioactive glass cones made of sintered microspheres were surgically implanted in the anterior cortex of rabbit femurs. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), biomechanical push‐out testing, histomorphometry, and electron microscopy (BEI‐SEM) were used to analyze bone ingrowth and osseointegration at 7, 10, 14, 28, 56, and 84 days after implantation. The results showed that microroughening of the bioactive glass surface significantly enhanced the bone‐bonding response of the biomaterial. The positive response was seen in one of the three bioactive glass compositions studied. The affinity index of new bone on the glass surface was significantly (p = 0.02) increased with a trend (p = 0.10) toward improved mechanical incorporation. New bone formation was dependent on the glass composition, and it was found to occur not only through the mechanism of bone ingrowth but also based on in situ osteogenesis within implant interstices. Based on these results, the procedure of microroughening could enhance the osteopromotive properties of certain bioactive glass compositions. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 67A: 496–503, 2003

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