Bilingualism, Language Development and Processing across the Lifespan

✍ Scribed by Julia Herschensohn

• Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Co
• Year: 2022
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 316
• Series: Bilingual Processing and Acquisition; 15
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

How does knowledge of a first or second language develop, and how is that knowledge used in real time comprehension and production of one or two languages? Language development and processing are the central topics that this book explores, initially in terms of first language(s) and then in terms of additional languages. Human growth and development necessarily involve the passage of time, implicating this orthogonal factor and leading to the observation that capacities may vary across the lifespan. Two theoretical frameworks have historically attributed explanations for knowledge and use of language, nature versus nurture approaches: the former credits biogenetic intrinsic characteristics, while the latter ascribes environmental extrinsic experiences as the causes of developmental change. The evidence examined throughout this book offers a more nuanced and complex view, eschewing dichotomy and favoring a hybrid approach that takes into account a range of internal and external influences.

✦ Table of Contents

Bilingualism, Language Development and Processing across the Lifespan
Editorial page
Title page
Copyright page
Dedication page
Table of contents
Preface
Acknowledgements
Introduction: Language acquisition, competence and performance
0.1 Bilingual lexico-grammatical knowledge and its implementation
0.2 Summary of chapter contents
Chapter 1. Language development, processing and the brain
1. Introduction
1.1 Theoretical frameworks of learning and cognition
1.1.1 Nature: Symbolic/ modular approaches
1.1.2 Nurture: Connectionist/ emergentist approaches
1.1.3 Nature and nurture: Hybrid approaches
1.2 Central themes and research questions
1.2.1 Age and experience: Types of bilingualism and lifelong learning
1.2.2 Resources and parameters of investigation
1.3 The mind and its formation
1.3.1 Cognition, memory and learning
1.3.2 Architecture of the brain
1.4 Age-sensitive development
1.4.1 Neuroanatomical development
1.4.2 Sensitive periods and the Critical Period Hypothesis
1.5 Conclusion
Chapter 2. Knowledge of language and its implementation
2. Introduction
2.1 Components of language
2.1.1 Phonetics and phonology
2.1.2 Lexicon
2.1.3 Morphology
2.1.4 Syntax
2.2 Implementation and interrelation of language perception and expression
2.2.1 Comprehension: Neural and sensorimotor factors
2.2.2 Production: Neural and sensorimotor factors
2.3 Behavioral methodologies measuring language processing
2.3.1 Evidence from infants and children
2.3.2 Evidence from adults
2.3.3 Tasks measuring cognition
2.4 Neuroscientific methodologies measuring language processing
2.4.1 EEG-ERP
2.4.2 Neural oscillations
2.4.3 Neuroimaging
2.5 Conclusion
Chapter 3. Monolingual development and processing in children and adults
3. Introduction
3.1 Phonetics and phonology
3.1.1 Early sound perception
3.1.2 Adult processing of sounds: Neural correlates
3.2 Lexicon
3.2.1 Early word segmentation and recognition
3.2.2 Word retrieval in adults
3.3 Morphology
3.3.1 Early morphological knowledge
3.3.2 Adult processing and neural correlates of morphology
3.4 Syntax
3.4.1 L1 acquisition of syntax
3.4.2 Adult processing and neural correlates of syntax
3.5 Conclusion
Chapter 4. Simultaneous crib bilingual development and processing
4. Introduction
4.1 Phonetics and phonology
4.1.1 Language perception by bilingual infants
4.1.2 Language production by simultaneous bilingual children
4.1.3 Phonological processing by simultaneous bilingual adults
4.2 Lexicon
4.2.1 Simultaneous bilingual vocabulary acquisition
4.2.2 Lexical storage and access by children
4.2.3 Models of bilingual lexical retrieval by adults
4.3 Morphology
4.3.1 Child morphology of simultaneous bilinguals
4.3.2 Adult morphology of simultaneous bilinguals
4.4 Syntax
4.4.1 Syntactic development and processing by simultaneous bilingual children
4.4.2 Syntactic processing by simultaneous bilingual adults
4.5 Neural correlates of bilingual processing
4.6 Conclusion
Chapter 5. Sequential early child bilingual development and processing
5. Introduction
5.1 Phonetics and phonology
5.1.1 Phonology of early sequential child bilinguals
5.1.2 Phonology of cL2 adults
5.2 Lexicon
5.2.1 Early cL2 lexical acquisition and processing
5.2.2 Lexical knowledge and processing by cL2 adults
5.3 Morphology
5.3.1 Development of morphology in early sequential bilingual children
5.3.2 Adult morphology of cL2 bilinguals
5.4 Syntax
5.4.1 Early cL2 acquisition of syntax
5.4.2 Syntax of sequential cL2 adults
5.5 Conclusion
Chapter 6. Sequential adult second language development and processing
6. Introduction
6.1 Phonetics and phonology
6.1.1 Adult L2 suprasegmentals
6.1.2 Adult L2 segmentals
6.2 Lexicon
6.2.1 Initial stages of aL2 word recognition
6.2.2 Non-selective lexical access and models of L2 word retrieval
6.2.3 Lexicon production and language switching
6.3 Morphology
6.3.1 Acquisition, storage and access to L2 morphology
6.3.2 Acquisition and processing of aL2 determiner-noun concord
6.3.3 Verb morphology in aL2 acquisition and processing
6.4 Syntax
6.4.1 Theoretical considerations for adult L2 learning
6.4.2 Word order and case in aL2 acquisition and processing
6.4.3 Acquisition and processing of aL2 Romance clitic pronouns
6.5 Structural and functional neural architecture of adult bilinguals
6.6 Conclusion
Chapter 7. Bilingual processing and cognition across the lifespan
7. Introduction
7.1 Mature bilingualism and cognition
7.1.1 Cognition and language in aging monolinguals
7.1.2 Cognition and language in aging bilinguals
7.2 Bilingualism and cognition in childhood, adulthood and maturity
7.2.1 The bilingual advantage for children and elders
7.2.2 Questioning the bilingual advantage
7.2.3 Exploring cognitive effects of bilingualism
7.3 Similarities and differences in language development and processing for four profiles of learners
7.3.1 Learner internal factors: AoA, LoE, individual differences
7.3.2 Learner external factors: SES, quality and quantity of input, literacy
7.3.3 Language intrinsic factors: Frequency, regularity, redundancy, salience
7.4 Research questions and theoretical themes
7.4.1 Evaluation of research questions
7.4.2 Nature and nurture: Theoretical frameworks of learning
7.5 Conclusion
References
Index