Bi-layer optical waveguide formed by double boron ion implantation into strontium barium niobate crystal
✍ Scribed by Feng Chen; Xue-Lin Wang; Ke-Ming Wang; Qing-Ming Lu; Fei Lu; Ding-Yu Shen; Hong-Ji Ma
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 2005
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 107 KB
- Volume
- 234
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0168-583X
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✦ Synopsis
We report a bi-layer optical waveguide in a Ce-doped strontium barium niobate (SBN) crystal formed by double boron ion implantation. The energies of the B + and B 3+ ions are 3 and 6 MeV, respectively, while the doses of the two boron implantation are both 2 • 10 14 ions/cm 2 . A classic m-lines arrangement is performed to investigate the waveguide properties of the sample. The reconstructed refractive index profile of the waveguide shows a double-barrier confined shape, which suggests the formation of a bi-layer waveguide structure. The thickness of the two guide layers are 2.6 and 4.6 lm, respectively, which is in a good agreement with the mean projective range of the implanted boron ions of 3 and 6 MeV in the crystal. The nuclear energy loss distribution of the boron ions into SBN has a similar shape to that of the waveguide index, which means an inherent relationship between the waveguide formation and the energy deposition of the energetic ions.