Behaviour of Building Structures Subjected to Progressive Collapse

✍ Scribed by Bo Yang, Shao-Bo Kang, Kang Hai Tan, Xu-Hong Zhou

• Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
• Year: 2022
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 380
• Series: Woodhead Publishing Series in Civil and Structural Engineering
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Behaviour of Building Structures Subjected to Progressive Collapse gives in-depth and up-to-date quantitative and numerical analysis of building structures against progressive collapse. It does so at various levels, including bare steel joints, composite joints and sub-assemblages and frames under quasi-static loading conditions. The book provides analysis of the force transfer mechanisms of composite structures and reinforced concrete structures, along with detailed numerical models that shed light on the effects of critical parameters on progressive collapse resistances. It includes direct design methods that take into account various collapse-resisting mechanisms.

The collapse of the World Trade Center in New York has spurred extensive experimental study and numerical analysis of the structural behavior of buildings under progressive collapse scenarios. Although design guidelines have been published by governments, most are missing up-to-date numerical and experimental results, quantitative accounts of force transfer mechanisms, and numerical guidelines.

✦ Table of Contents

Front Matter
Copyright
Preface
Research background
Iconic collapse events and definition of progressive collapse
Codes and guidelines for progressive collapse
Design approaches against progressive collapse
Indirect design approach
Direct design approach
Alternate path method
Enhanced local resistance method
Purpose of this book
References
Behaviour of steel beam-to-column joints subject to removal of a single column
Experimental tests on bolted steel connections
Introduction
Experimental set-up and specimens
Experimental set-up
Instrumentation
Specimens
Material properties
Experimental results of simple connections (Specimens 1 to 4)
Specimen 1-WEB cleat
Specimen 2-Top and seat angle
Specimen 3-TSWA (8mm angle)
Specimen 4-Fin plate
Comparison of the simple connections
Experimental results of semi-rigid connections (Specimens 5 to 7)
Specimen 5-Flush end plate
Specimen 6-Extended end plate
Specimen 7-TSWA (12mm angle)
Comparison of the semi-rigid connections
Practical implications of the experimental results
Introduction
Experimental set-up and specimens
Experimental set-up
Test specimens
Experimental results
Web cleat connections
Top and seat angle connections
TSWA connections
Numerical modelling of steel beam-to-column joints
Introduction
Finite element simulation
Solution strategy
Material properties
Finite element modelling
Comparison between finite element models and experimental results
Web cleat connection test
Fin plate connection test
TSWA (8mm) connection test
Flush end plate connection test
Extended end plate connection test
TSWA (12mm) connection test
Parametric analyses
Web cleat connections
Fin plate connections
Flush end plate connections
TSWA (12mm) connections
Practical implications of the simulation results
Mechanical modelling of bolted-angle connections under tension
Introduction
Experimental programme
Experimental specimens
Test procedure
Experimental results
Deflection history
Failure modes
Design parameters
Development of a mechanical model of bolted-angle connections
General
Development of the mechanical model
Development of a component-based model of bolted-angle connections
General
Comparison with experimental results
Frame analyses
Discussion on the frame and joint models
Discussion about loading methods
Discussion about the influence of horizontal restraint stiffness
Summary and conclusions
Experimental tests of different types of bolted steel beam-to-column joints
Additional experimental tests of bolted-angle beam-to-column joints
Numerical analyses of steel beam-to-column joints
Mechanical modelling of bolted-angle connections under tension
References
Progressive collapse of composite beam-to-column joints under central column removal scenarios: Experiments and c
Test set-up and specimens
Test set-up
Instrumentation
Test specimens
Material properties
Experimental results
Specimen M-W-9
Specimen M-SW-11
Specimen M-F-12
Specimen S-W-9
Specimen S-F-12
Discussion about the experimental results
Comparison between web cleat and strengthened web cleat connections
Effect of composite slab
Measurement of strain
Component-based modelling of composite beam-to-column joints
Introduction to the component properties
Simulation of the tests using the component-based models
Frame analyses
Discussion about the frame and joint models
Effects of reinforcement ratios, profile decking, and composite slabs
Dynamic effect
Conclusions
References
Force transfer mechanisms in composite frames against progressive collapse
Behaviour of composite frames with different boundary conditions against progressive collapse
Introduction
Experimental programme on composite frames
Design of specimen
Experimental setup
Material properties
Experimental results
Internal composite frames
External composite frames
Specimen E-W-MT
Specimen E-F-MT
Behaviour of side columns
Composite frames with out-of-plane rotation
Specimen O-W-MT
Specimen O-F-MT
Out-of-plane load at central joint
Discussions on experimental results
Influence of additional reinforcement in composite slab
Influence of boundary conditions
Influence of out-of-plane restraint
Numerical simulations of composite frames
Design procedure of composite steel frames against progressive collapse
Introduction
Design recommendations for composite steel frames against progressive collapse
General design procedure for composite steel frames against progressive collapse
Dynamic effect considered by energy balance method
Worked example for composite steel frames against progressive collapse
Prototype structure
ABAQUS analytical model
Analytical procedure
Summary and conclusions
References
Structural resistance of precast concrete beam-to-column substructures under progressive collapse scenarios
Experimental tests of PC beam-to-column substructures under the removal of a middle column
Experimental programme
Prototype structure
Design of specimens
Experimental setup
Instrumentations
Material properties
Experimental results of substructures
Load-deflection history of beam-to-column substructures
Resistances of beam-to-column substructures
Components of vertical load
Rotational capacities of beam-to-column substructures
Failure modes and crack patterns of precast beams
Horizontal shear transfer between precast beam units and concrete topping
Strains of beam longitudinal reinforcing bars
Discussions and suggestions
Experimental study on substructures with engineered cementitious composites (ECC) subjected to column removal
Experimental programme on substructure specimens
Specimen design
Material properties
Resistances of beam-to-column substructure specimens
Effect of ECC
Effect of reinforcing bar detailing
Effect of top reinforcement ratios
Influence of bottom reinforcement ratios
Cracking patterns and failure modes of substructures
Horizontal reaction forces and bending moments
Deflection capacities of beam-to-column substructures
Local rotations in the plastic hinge region
Interactions between steel reinforcing bars and ECC
Conclusions
References
Further reading
Force transfer mechanisms in precast concrete frames under progressive collapse
Experimental tests on precast concrete frames
Experimental programme
Frame design and detailing
Test setup
Instrumentation
Material properties
Experimental results of precast concrete frames
Load-deflection curves
Influence of reinforcement detailing on frame behaviour
Influence of boundary conditions on frame behaviour
Pseudo-static resistances of precast concrete frames
Load distributions of horizontal reaction forces to the support
Crack patterns and failure modes of precast beams
Behaviour of side columns and joints
Variation of steel strains in beams and columns
Experimental study on exterior precast concrete frames
Experimental programme
Specimen design and detailing
Material properties
Experimental results of exterior frames
Load-deflection curves
Resistances of precast concrete frames
Failure modes of precast frames
Lateral deflections of side columns
Shear strength of beam-to-column joints
Flexural strength of side columns subjected to horizontal tension
Variation of steel strain in side joints
Conclusion
References
Further reading
Analytical model for compressive arch action and catenary action in reinforced concrete beams against progressi
Analytical model for compressive arch action of beam-to-column 2D substructure specimens
Development of the analytical model
Constitutive models
Equilibrium condition
Compatibility condition
Solution procedure
Analytical model validation
CAA capacity and horizontal reaction force prediction
Prediction of load-deflection curve
Variation of bending moments
Estimation of neutral axis depth and reinforcement strain
Limitations of the analytical model
Parametric studies
Influence of concrete models
Influence of tensile strength of ECC
Influence of ECC tensile strain capacity
Influence of stiffness of horizontal restraint
Influence of reinforcement content
Analytical investigation on catenary action in axially restrained reinforced concrete beams
Analytical model prior fracture of reinforcement
Equilibrium
Compatibility
Stress-strain models for steel reinforcing bars and concrete
Solution procedures
Analytical model upon fracture of reinforcement
Equilibrium
Compatibility
Solution procedures
Calibration of analytical model
Comparison with experimental results
Variation of reinforcement strains
Moment-axial force interaction diagram
Parametric study and discussions
Parametric study
Discussion
Design method for catenary action
Conclusion
References
Further reading
Future work
Index
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
L
P
R
S
T
U