Basics of Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Equilibria: A Quantitative Approach

✍ Scribed by Brian M. Tissue

• Publisher: Wiley
• Year: 2023
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 495
• Edition: 2
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

BASICS OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIA

Familiarize yourself with the fundamentals of analytical chemistry with this easy-to-follow textbook

Analytical chemistry is the study of chemical composition, concerned with analyzing materials to discover their constituent substances, the amounts in which these substances are present, and more. Since materials exist in different states and undergo reactions, analytical chemistry is also concerned with chemical equilibria, the state at which various reactants and substances will undergo no observable chemical change without outside stimulus. This field has an immense range of practical applications in both industry and research and is a highly desirable area of expertise for the next generation of chemists.

Basics of Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Equilibria provides an introduction to this foundational subject, ideal for specialized courses. It introduces not only the core concepts of analytical chemistry but cultivates mastery of various instrumental methods by which students and researchers can undertake their own analyses. Now updated to include the latest research and expanded coverage, Basics of Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Equilibria promises to situate a new generation of readers in this growing field.

Readers of the second edition of Basics of Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Equilibria will also find:

• A new chapter on structure determination
• Revised and expanded descriptions of chemical instrumentation
• ‘You-try-it’ exercises throughout to further develop practical student knowledge
• Compannion website of associated materials including end-of-chapter solutions, spreadsheets for student use, and more

Basics of Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Equilibria is an ideal textbook for students in chemistry, biochemistry, and environmental science, as well as students in related fields, including chemical engineering and materials science, for whom analytical chemistry offers a useful toolset.

✦ Table of Contents

BASICS OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIA
CONTENTS
PREFACE
ABOUT THE COMPANION WEBSITE
I QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS USING REACTIONS THAT GO TO “COMPLETION”
1 MAKING MEASUREMENTS
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Glp and a Few Other Important Acronyms
1.3 Precision and Random Error
1.4 Discarding a Suspected Outlier
1.5 Calibration
1.6 Maintaining Accurate Results
Practice Exercises
2 SAMPLE PREPARATION, EXTRACTIONS, AND CHROMATOGRAPHY
2.1 Sampling and Control Samples
2.2 Sample Preparation
2.3 Solvents and Solutions
2.4 Introduction to Solubility
2.5 Extraction and Partitioning Theory
2.6 Introduction to Stationary Phases
2.7 Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE)
2.8 Column Chromatography
Practice Exercises
3 CLASSICAL METHODS
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Review of Chemical Reactions
3.3 Reactions in Aqueous Solution
3.4 Gravimetry
3.5 Titration
3.6 Titration Curves
3.7 Coulometry
Practice Exercises
4 MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Properties of EM Radiation
4.3 Electromagnetic Spectrum
4.4 Spectroscopic Transitions
4.5 UV/Vis Absorption Spectroscopy
4.6 UV/Vis Instrumentation
4.7 Beer–Lambert Law
4.8 Molecular Fluorescence
Practice Exercises
II REACTIONS THAT DO NOT GO TO “COMPLETION.” EQUILIBRIA IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
5 ACID–BASE EQUILIBRIA AND ACTIVITY
5.1 Acids and Bases
5.2 Weak Acids and Weak Bases
5.3 Water and Kw
5.4 Acid Strength
5.5 The Concept of Activity
5.6 Acid–Base Equilibrium Calculations
Practice Exercises
6 BUFFER SOLUTIONS AND POLYPROTIC ACIDS
6.1 Buffer Solutions
6.2 Alpha Fraction Plots
6.3 Weak Acid Titration Curve
6.4 Polyprotic Acids
Practice Exercises
7 METAL–LIGAND COMPLEXATION
7.1 Complex Terminology
7.2 Complex Equilibria
7.3 Competing Equilibria
7.4 Stepwise Complexation
7.5 Immunoassays
Practice Exercises
8 PRECIPITATION EQUILIBRIA
8.1 Precipitate Equilibrium
8.2 Molar Solubility
8.3 Common-Ion Effect
8.4 Precipitation and Competing Equilibria
8.5 Drinking Water
Practice Exercises
III INSTRUMENTAL METHODS AND ANALYTICAL SEPARATIONS
9 ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Standard Reduction Potentials
9.3 Using Half Reactions
9.4 Background on Spontaneous Reactions and Equilibrium
9.5 Reaction Energies, Voltages, and the Nernst Equation
9.6 Electrochemical Cells
9.7 Potentiometry
9.8 Ion-Selective Electrodes (ISE)
9.9 Voltammetry
Practice Exercises
10 ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
10.1 Atomization
10.2 Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS)
10.3 Atomic Emission Spectrometry (AES)
10.4 Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
10.5 Other Mass Spectrometer Designs
Practice Exercises
11 MOLECULAR STRUCTURE DETERMINATION
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Molecular Mass Spectrometry
11.3 Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
11.4 FTIR Instrumentation
11.5 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
11.6 NMR Instrumentation
Practice Exercises
12 ANALYTICAL SEPARATIONS
12.1 Thin-Layer Chromatography
12.2 Chromatogram Terminology
12.3 Separation Efficiency
12.4 Gas Chromatography (GC)
12.5 Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)
12.6 High Performance Liquid Chromatography
12.7 Electrophoresis
Practice Exercises
INDEX
EULA