Basics in Hip and Knee Arthroplasty

✍ Scribed by Shrinand Vaidya

• Publisher: Elsevier India
• Year: 2015
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 432
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Title
Copyright
Dedicated to
FOREWORD
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONTRIBUTORS
CONTENTS
Planning of the Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Total Joint Arthroplasty: Medical Parameters
WHAT SHOULD I DO ABOUT CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY COMPLICATIONS?
HOW TO DEAL WITH FEVER AFTER SURGERY?
HOW TO PREVENT DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS IN MY PATIENT?
DOES MY PATIENT NEED ICU?
WHICH ANTIBIOTICS, WHEN AND FOR HOW LONG?
WHEN SHOULD I TAKE OUT THE URINARY CATHETER?
HOW TO MANAGE POSTOP COGNITIVE CHANGES?
HOW SHOULD I ACHIEVE GLYCEMIC CONTROL PERIOPERATIVELY?
HOW TO PREVENT ADDISONIAN CRISIS IN PATIENTS ON LONGTERM STEROIDS?
DOES THE PERIOPERATIVE PROTOCOL DIFFER FOR BILATERAL SINGLE STAGE?
WHEN TO DISCONTINUE AND RESUME CLOPIDOGREL IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC STENTS?
WHEN SHOULD I REMOVE THE EPIDURAL CATHETER IN A PATIENT ON LMWH?
HOW DO OBESITY AND METABOLIC SYNDROME AFFECT MY RESULTS?
TAKE HOME MESSAGE
Blood Transfusion Reduction in Total Joint Arthroplasty
INTRODUCTION
PREOPERATIVE STRATEGIES
INTRAOPERATIVE STRATEGIES
POSTOPERATIVE STRATEGIES
CONCLUSION
Role of Drains in Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty
INTRODUCTION
POSTOPERATIVE DRAINS IN TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
USING DRAINS IN TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY
CONCLUSION
Prevention of Periprosthetic Joint Infection
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION OF PJI
CLASSIFICATION OF PJI
PREVENTION OF PJI
PREOPERATIVE
INTRAOPERATIVE
POSTOPERATIVE
CONCLUSION
Pain Management in Arthroplasty
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS PAIN?
PAIN PATHWAY
FACTORS AFFECTING TRANSMISSION AND PERCEPTION OF PAIN
MODALITIES OF TREATMENT
PAIN IN ARTHROPLASTY AND ITS MULTIMODAL MANAGEMENT
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Total Hip Arthroplasty: Techniques and Pearls
Radiological Planning of Total Hip Arthroplasty
INTRODUCTION
RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE
RADIOGRAPHIC TEMPLATING IN THA
SUMMARY
Choosing Implant for Total Hip Arthroplasty
INTRODUCTION
THE ACETABULAR CUP
THE FEMORAL STEM
BEARING SURFACES
PATIENTRELATED FACTORS
SURGEONRELATED FACTORS
SUMMARY
Tips and Pearls in Total Hip Arthroplasty
INTRODUCTION
AUTHOR’S PREFERRED METHOD
POSITIONING OF THE PATIENT
INCISION AND EXPOSURE
PREPARATION OF THE ACETABULUM AND POSITIONING OF THE ACETABULAR COMPONENT
PREPARATION OF THE FEMUR AND POSITIONING OF THE FEMORAL COMPONENT
REDUCTION AND CLOSURE
ENSURING LIMB LENGTH EQUALIZATION AND STABILITY
SUMMARY
The Cemented Hip: How to Get it Right
INTRODUCTION
TEMPLATING
SURGICAL TECHNIQUE
EXPOSURE OF THE ACETABULUM
IDENTIFICATION OF THE MEDIAL WALL OF PELVIS
REAMING THE ACETABULUM
ANCHORING HOLES
BONE BED PREPARATION
SURGICAL TECHNIQUE
Uncemented Total Hip Arthroplasty
INTRODUCTION
ACETABULAR COMPONENT
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
SURFACE AND COATINGS
INDICATIONS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS
TECHNIQUE
FEMORAL COMPONENT
SURFACE AND COATINGS
STEM GEOMETRY
TECHNIQUE
POSTOPERATIVE PROTOCOL
Total Hip Arthroplasty in Peritrochanteric Fractures
FRESH FRACTURES
APPROACH
FAILED FRACTURES WITH IMPLANT IN SITU
Fused Hips in Ankylosing Spondylitis
INTRODUCTION
MEDICAL DISEASE AND MANAGEMENT
ALTERED ANATOMY
CLINICAL EXAMINATION
PREANAESTHETIC ASSESSMENTS
POSITIONING OF THE PATIENT
THE APPROACH
SURGICAL PROCEDURE
NECKCUT
POSTERIOR EXPOSURE
FEMORAL REAMING AND STEM PLACEMENT
ACETABULAR CUP PLACEMENT
CONCLUSIONS
Total Hip Arthroplasty in Protrusio Acetabulae
SURGICAL TECHNIQUE
COMPONENT CHOICE
SUMMARY
Total Knee Arthroplasty: Techniques and Pearls
Radiological Planning in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
INTRODUCTION
Radiological Planning in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
INTRODUCTION
HOW TO PLAN
EXTRAARTICULAR DEFORMITIES
CT vs. XRAY
EXTRAARTICULAR DEFORMITIES
CT vs. XRAY
ROLE OF MRI
ANALOG vs. DIGITAL TEMPLATING
SPECIAL RADIOGRAPHIC VIEWS BEFORE UNICOMPARTMENTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
ROLE OF MRI
ANALOG vs. DIGITAL TEMPLATING
SPECIAL RADIOGRAPHIC VIEWS BEFORE UNICOMPARTMENTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
PLANNING FOR PATIENTSPECIFIC INSTRUMENTS AND IMPLANTS
Selection of the Implant in Total Knee Arthroplasty
POSTERIOR CRUCIATE RETAINING TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT FIG. 15.1
POSTERIOR STABILIZING TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT FIG. 15.2
MOBILEBEARING OR FIXEDBEARING FIG. 15.3
ALL POLY OR METAL BACK TIBIAL COMPONENTS FIG. 15.4
CONDYLAR CONSTRAINED KNEE FIG. 15.5
ROTATING HINGED KNEE PROSTHESES FIG. 15.7
SPECIAL SITUATIONS
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
Tips and Pearls: Tourniquets and Position in Total Knee Arthroplasty
TOURNIQUETS
POSITION
Tips and Pearls: Exposure and Retractors in Total Knee Arthroplasty
EXPOSURE
Tips and Pearls: Saw Technique in Total Knee Arthroplasty
BLADE SHAPE
Principles: Alignment and Balancing
INTRODUCTION
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ALIGNMENT
PRINCIPLES OF BALANCING
SUMMARY
Cementation Techniques in Total Knee Arthroplasty
INTRODUCTION
BONE CEMENT COMPOSITION
OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE
SUMMARY
Patellar Resurfacing in Total Knee Arthroplasty
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
SURGICAL TECHNIQUE
SUMMARY
Unicondylar Knee Arthroplasty
HISTORY
PRINCIPLE
INDICATIONS
POST OP REHABILITATION
RESULTS
CONCLUSIONS
Technique: Fixed Bearing Total Knee Arthroplasty
INTRODUCTION
POSTERIOR STABILIZED FIXED BEARING TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
Mobile-Bearing Total Knee Arthroplasty: Technique and Clinical Results*
INTRODUCTION
SURGICAL TECHNIQUE
CLINICAL OUTCOMES
SUMMARY
Management of Tibial Bone Defects
INTRODUCTION
CLASSIFICATION
MANAGEMENT OPTIONS
OPTIONS TO FILL THE DEFECT
RESULTS
ADDITIONAL SUPPORT FOR CEMENT, BONE GRAFT OR AUGMENT
CONCLUSION
Total Knee Arthroplasty in Fixed Flexion Deformity
PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION
SURGICAL STEPS
POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT
SUMMARY
Total Knee Arthroplasty in Stiff Knee
TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT IN STIFF KNEES
PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT
SURGERY AND IMPLANT SELECTION
REHABILITATION
COMPLICATIONS
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Total Knee Arthroplasty in Post High Tibial Osteotomy
INTRODUCTION
PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT
TECHNIQUE
RESULTS
Recent Advances in the Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Trabecular Metal
TANTALUM
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
SALIENT FEATURES OF TRABECULAR METAL
CLINICAL APPLICATIONS
RATIONALE OF TM RECONSTRUCTIONS
TIPS AND TRICKS IN THE USE OF TM DEVICES
ACETABULAR DEFECTS AND USE OF TM SHELLS AND AUGMENTS
USE OF TM IN KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
Recent Advances in Short Stem Designs
INTRODUCTION
RATIONALE
CLASSIFICATION
BIOMECHANICAL ADVANTAGES
BONE CONSERVATION
NECK STABILIZING STEMS
PART OF THE NECK STABILIZED FAMILY PLUGS
METAPHYSEAL STABILIZING STEMS
CONCLUSION
CONTROVERSY
Hi-Flex Knee Design
PATIENT FACTORS
SURGICAL TECHNIQUE
HIGHFLEX KNEE DESIGN CHANGES FIG. 31.1
PRESENT CLINICAL STATUS TABLE 31.1
CONCLUSION
How do I Plan My Trolley: Special Instruments
My Trolley for Total Hip Arthroplasty
PRIMARY HIP REPLACEMENT
SPECIAL SITUATIONS
My Trolley for Total Knee Arthroplasty
INDEX