Axon growth promoting and inhibitory molecules involved in regeneration in the adult mammalian central nervous system
✍ Scribed by David, Samuel
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1998
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 90 KB
- Volume
- 4
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 1080-4013
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✦ Synopsis
Nondiffusable substrate-bound molecules associated with the cell surface and extracellular matrix can promote or inhibit axon growth. Adhesion molecules associated with astrocytes and neurons play a role in promoting neurite growth in vitro. A large number of adhesion molecules have been identified, and these have been grouped into several types. Recent studies indicate that some of these molecules may play a role in axon regeneration in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Inhibitory molecules associated with myelin appear to play an important role in preventing long-distance regeneration of axons of the long fiber tracts. This area is still in its infancy, and only a few myelin-associated inhibitors have been identified thus far. Inhibitors associated with astrocytes have also been identified and are mainly extracellular matrix molecules whose expression is increased after CNS injury. In this article, the influence of various inhibitors in the failure of axon regeneration in the adult mammalian CNS is reviewed. Potential strategies to block or circumvent these inhibitors and take advantage of growthpromoting adhesion mechanisms to stimulate axon regeneration after spinal cord and other types of CNS lesions are discussed.
1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.