Preface
Contents
Contributors
1 Surgical Anatomy of the Esophagus
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Composition
1.3 Fixation
1.4 Topography
1.5 Arteries and Veins
1.6 Lymphatics
1.7 Innervation
References
2 A Concentric-Structured Model for the Understanding of the Surgical Anatomy in the Upper Mediastinum Required for Esophagectomy with Radical Mediastinal Lymph Node Dissection
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Surgical Anatomical Model
2.3 Validation of the Surgical Procedure
References
3 A Surgical Concept for the Subcarinal Anatomy of the Esophagus and Mediastinum
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Surgical Anatomical Observation
References
4 270 Degrees Fundoplication for Gastroesophageal Reflux Esophagitis
4.1 Description of the Surgical Technique
4.1.1 Patient and Trocar Position
4.1.2 Position a Liver Retractor
4.1.3 Opening the Pars Flaccida of the Gastrohepatic Ligament
4.1.4 Incision of the Oesophago-Phrenic Ligament
4.1.5 Blunt Mobilization of the Oesophagus Below the Dorsal Vagal Nerve
4.1.6 Division of the Short Gastric Vessels and Gastrosplenic Ligament
4.1.7 Cut Oesophago-Phrenic Ligament on the Left Side
4.1.8 Dissection of the Left Crus from the patientβs Right Side
4.1.9 Keep Track of the Vagal Nerves
4.1.10 Start of the Suturing of the Crus
4.1.11 Fundus Pull Through
4.1.12 Suturing of the Fundus and Creation of the Fundoplication
4.1.13 Checking and Ending
References
5 Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Description of the Surgical Technique
5.2.1 Patient and Trocarsβ Position
5.2.2 Exposure of Operative Field
5.2.3 Start the Intervention
5.2.4 Circumferential Exposure of the Distal Esophagus
5.2.5 Taping of the Esophagus for Retraction
5.2.6 Mediastinal Dissection and Esophagus Mobilization
5.2.7 Construction of Floppy Wrap
5.2.8 Crural Opposition
5.2.9 Construction of Fundoplication
5.2.10 Completed Procedure
References
6 Minimally Invasive Surgery of Paraesophageal Hernias
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Description of the Surgical Technique (Video 6.1)
6.2.1 Instruments and Equipment Required
6.2.2 Patient and Trocarsβ Position
6.2.3 Reduction of the Sac and Its Contents to the Abdominal Cavity
6.2.4 Division of the First Short Vessels
6.2.5 Dissection of the Sac, from the Left Crus Anti-Clockwise from Left to Right
6.2.6 Dissection Continues to the Dome of the Hiatus and the Right Crus
6.2.7 The Sac (and Lipomas) is Completely Dissected from Mediastinum into the Abdominal Cavity
6.2.8 Mobilization of the Esophagus by Pulling Down the Sac
6.2.9 Creation of a Retroesophageal Window
6.2.10 Approximation of the Pillars Using a Bougie (Foucher) for Calibration
6.2.11 Mesh Placement
6.2.12 Creation of 360 Degrees Fundoplication
References
7 Minimally Invasive Treatment of Esophageal Leiomyoma
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Description of the Surgical Technique (See Videos 7.1 and 7.2)
References
8 Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) for Achalasia
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Description of the Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) Technique (Video 8.1)
8.3 Description of the Endoscopic Procedure
8.3.1 Post-Procedural Management
References
9 Laparoscopic Heller Myotomy and Dor Fundoplication for Treatment of Esophageal Achalasia: Surgical Technique
9.1 Background
9.2 Surgical Technique. Step by Step
References
10 Endoscopic Treatment of Early Esophageal Cancer
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Description of the Surgical Technique (Video 10.1)
10.2.1 Lift-Suck-Cut Technique
10.2.2 Ligate-And-Cut Technique
10.2.3 Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
References
11 Transmediastinal Approach for Esophageal Cancer: Upper and Middle Mediastinal Dissection with Single-Port Technique
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Description of the Surgical Technique of Single-Port MATHE (Videos 11.1β11.4)
11.2.1 Surgical Team Members
11.2.2 Left Cervical Procedure
11.2.3 Right Cervical Procedure (Fig. )
11.2.4 Transhiatal procedure (Figs. and )
11.2.5 Esophageal Reconstruction
11.2.6 Postoperative Management
11.3 Conclusions
References
12 Laparoscopic Transhiatal Resection for Distal Esophageal and Gastro-Esophageal Junction Cancer
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Description of the Operative Technique
References
13 Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Transhiatal Esophagectomy
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Description of the Surgical Technique
13.2.1 Position of the Robot Xi DaVinci Platform (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale CA)
13.2.2 Patient and Trocar Position
13.2.3 Mobilization of the Stomach and Esophagus
13.2.4 Steps Through Hand Port Supraumbilicalβ7 cm (Fig. )
13.2.5 Mobilization of the Cervical Esophagus and Resection
13.2.6 Gastric Conduit Creation and Passage Through the Posterior Mediastinum to the Neck
13.2.7 Narrowing the Hiatus
13.2.8 Cervical Esophagogastric Anastomosis According to Orringer
References
14 Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy: Ivor Lewis
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Description of the Surgical Technique (see Video 14.1)
14.2.1 Laparoscopic Phase
14.2.2 Thoracoscopic Phase in Prone Position (Single-Lumen Tube)
15 Thoracoscopic Radical Oesophagectomy for Cancer
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Thoracoscopic Mediastinal Dissection
15.2.1 Surgical Anatomy of Mediastinum with Reference to the Oesophagus
15.2.1.1 Layer Structures and Principle of Dissection in the Mediastinum
15.3 Description of the Surgical Technique (see Video 15.1)
15.3.1 Dissection of the Right Recurrent Nodes
15.3.2 Mobilization of the Dorsal Aspect of the Oesophagus
15.3.3 Mobilization of the Ventral Aspect of the Oesophagus
15.3.4 Dissection of the Left Recurrent Nodes
15.3.5 Dissection of the Tracheobronchial Nodes
References
16 Three-Stage McKeown Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy Procedure in Prone Position
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Step-By-Step Description of the Surgical Procedure (see Videos 16.1 and 16.2)
References
17 Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy (RAMIE)
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Description of the Surgical Technique (Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Thoraco-Laparoscopic Esophagectomy (RAMIE) at UMC Utrecht)
17.2.1 Thoracoscopic Preparation and Positioning
17.2.2 Thoracoscopic Phase: Operative Procedure
17.2.3 Laparoscopic Phase: Positioning
17.2.4 Laparoscopic Phase: Operative Procedure
17.2.5 Cervical Phase
17.3 Future Directions
17.4 Hand-Sewn Intrathoracic Anastomosis and Upper Esophageal Cancer
17.5 The Steps to Perform an Intrathoracic Gastroesophageal Anastomosis (see Videos 17.1β17.3)
17.6 cT4b Esophageal Cancer
17.7 Conclusion
References
18 Cervical Esophagogastric Anastomosis
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Description of the Operative Technique (see Video 18.1)
18.3 Stapled Anastomosis
18.4 Hand-Sewn Anastomosis
References
19 Intrathoracic Esophago-Gastrostomy After MIE Ivor Lewis Esophageal Resection: End-To-Side Anastomosis by Means of Circular Stapler. The Flap and Wrap Technique
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Description of the Surgical Procedure (see Video 19.1)
19.3 Thoracoscopic Phase in Prone Position
20 Intrathoracic Oesophago-Gastrostomy After MIE Ivor Lewis Resection: Side-To-Side Oesophago-Gastrostomy by Means of a Linear Stapler
20.1 Description of the Operative Procedure (see Video 20.1)
21 Intrathoracic Esophago-Gastrostomy After MIE Ivor Lewis Resection: End-To-Side Anastomosis by Means of a Circular Stapler and Endoloop
21.1 Description of the Operative Procedure (see Video 21.1)
References
22 Intrathoracic Esophago-Gastrostomy After MIE Ivor Lewis Resection: End-to-Side Anastomosis Using a Double Endoloop System
22.1 Description of the Surgical Procedure (See Video 22.1)
Reference
23 Intrathoracic Esophago-Gastrostomy After MIE Ivor Lewis Resection: End-To-Side Hand-Sewn Anastomosis
23.1 Description of the Surgical Technique (see Video 23.1)
Reference
24 Intrathoracic Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy (RAMIE) Ivor Lewis End-To-Side Anastomosis
24.1 Description of the Surgical Technique (See Video 24.1)
References (References 2 and 3 could be deleted)
25 Surgical Anatomy of the Stomach and the Omental Bursa
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Anatomical Features
25.3 Structure
25.4 Topographical Relationships
25.5 Vascular Supply
25.6 Lymphatic Drainage
25.7 Innervation
25.8 Omental Bursa
References
26 Minimally Invasive Treatment of Gastric GIST
26.1 Introduction
26.2 Description of the Surgical Technique
26.2.1 Transgastric Resection
26.2.2 Transgastric Resection
References
27 Minimally Invasive Surgery for Treatment of Complications of Gastroduodenal Ulcer
27.1 Introduction
27.2 Description of the Surgical Technique (Videos 27.1 and 27.2)
27.2.1 Ulcer Perforation
27.2.2 Bleeding
27.2.3 Stenosis
References
28 Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Band
28.1 Introduction
28.2 Description of the Surgical Technique (Video 28.1)
References
29 Laparoscopic Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass
29.1 Introduction
29.2 Description of the Surgical Technique (Video 29.1)
References
30 Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
30.1 Introduction
30.2 Description of the Surgical Technique (Video 30.1)
References
31 Laparoscopic Duodenal Switch
31.1 Introduction
31.1.1 Description of the Surgical Technique (Video 31.1) [1]
References
32 Single Anastomosis Duodenoileal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy
32.1 Introduction
32.2 Description of the Surgical Technique (Video 32.1)
References
33 Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgical Treatment of Early Gastric Cancer
33.1 Introduction
33.1.1 Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy
33.1.2 Description of the Operative Technique (Videos 33.1 and 33.2)
33.1.3 Postoperative Management
33.1.4 Tips, Tricks, and Pitfalls
33.2 Laparoscopy and Endoscopy Cooperative Surgery for Early Gastric Cancer with Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
33.2.1 Description of the Operative Technique (See Video 33.1)
References
34 Laparoscopic Partial Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
34.1 Introduction
34.2 Clinical Staging and Surgical Plan
34.3 Description of the Surgical Technique (See Video 34.1)
34.4 Description of the Surgical Technique of Roux Y gastrojejunostomy anastomosis
References
35 Modified Billroth-I Delta-Shaped Anastomosis After Distal Gastrectomy
35.1 Introduction
35.2 Description of the Surgical Technique (See Video 35.1)
References
36 Robotic Distal Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
36.1 Introduction
36.2 Indication
36.3 Description of the Surgical Steps (See Video 36.1)
References
37 Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
37.1 Introduction
37.2 Clinical Staging and Surgical Plan
37.3 Description of the Surgical Technique (See Video 37.1)
37.4 Reconstruction After Total Gastrectomy
References
38 Spleen-Preserving Splenic Hilar Dissection for Proximal Gastric Cancer
38.1 Introduction
References
39 End-To-Side Esophagojejunal Anastomosis Using the Circular Orvil Device
39.1 End-To-Side Esophagojejunal Anastomosis Using the Orvil Device
39.2 Description of the Surgical Technique (See Videos 39.1 and 39.2)
39.3 Linear Side-To-Side Esophagojejunal Anastomosis
39.4 Description of the Surgical Technique (See Video 39.2)
References
40 Hand-Sewn Anastomosis After 95% Gastrectomy, Total Gastrectomy, and Total Gastrectomy Extended to the Distal Esophagus for Gastric Cancer
40.1 Introduction
40.2 Description of the Operative Technique (See Videos 40.1β40.4)
References
41 Robot-Assisted Total Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
41.1 Description of the Surgical Procedure (See Video 41.1)
References
42 Laparoscopic Immunofluorescence-Guided Lymphadenectomy in Gastric Cancer Surgery
42.1 Near-Infrared Fluorescent Imaging for Gastric Cancer Surgery
42.2 Description of the Surgical Procedure (See Video 42.1)
42.3 Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy with D2 Lymph Node Dissection
42.4 Robotic Gastrectomy
References
43 Final Considerations
43.1 Proficiencies
43.2 Permanent Learning
43.3 Progress
Index