Aspen Plus: Chemical Engineering Applications

✍ Scribed by Kamal I. M. Al-Malah

• Publisher: Wiley
• Year: 2022
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 658
• Edition: 2
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

ASPEN PLUS^®

Comprehensive resource covering Aspen Plus V12.1 and demonstrating how to implement the program in versatile chemical process industries

Aspen Plus^®: Chemical Engineering Applications facilitates the process of learning and later mastering Aspen Plus^®, the market-leading chemical process modeling software, with step-by-step examples and succinct explanations. The text enables readers to identify solutions to various process engineering problems via screenshots of the Aspen Plus^® platforms in parallel with the related text.

To aid in information retention, the text includes end-of-chapter problems and term project problems, online exam and quiz problems for instructors that are parametrized (i.e., adjustable) so that each student will have a standalone version, and extra online material for students, such as Aspen Plus^®-related files, that are used in the working tutorials throughout the entire textbook.

The second edition of Aspen Plus^®: Chemical Engineering Applications includes information on:

• Various new features that were embedded into Aspen Plus V12.1 and existing features which have been modified
• Aspen Custom Modeler (ACM), covering basic features to show how to merge customized models into Aspen Plus simulator
• New updates to process dynamics and control and process economic analysis since the first edition was published
• Vital areas of interest in relation to the software, such as polymerization, drug solubility, solids handling, safety measures, and energy saving

For chemical engineering students and industry professionals, the second edition of Aspen Plus^®: Chemical Engineering Applications is a key resource for understanding Aspen Plus and the new features that were added in version 12.1 of the software. Many supplementary learning resources help aid the reader with information retention.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
CONTENTS
PREFACE
THE BOOK THEME
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
WHAT DO YOU GET OUT OF THIS BOOK?
WHO SHOULD READ THIS BOOK?
NOTES FOR INSTRUCTORS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
ABOUT THE COMPANION WEBSITE
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCING ASPEN PLUS®
WHAT DOES ASPEN STAND FOR?
WHAT IS ASPEN PLUS® PROCESS SIMULATION MODEL?
LAUNCHING ASPEN PLUS® V12.1
BEGINNING A SIMULATION
ENTERING COMPONENTS
SPECIFYING THE PROPERTY METHOD
IMPROVEMENT OF THE PROPERTY METHOD ACCURACY
FILE SAVING
A GOOD FLOWSHEETING PRACTICE
ASPEN PLUS® BUILT-IN HELP
FOR MORE INFORMATION
Reference
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 1.1 (PXY) DIAGRAM
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 1.2 (ΔGMIX) FOR AN IDEAL AND REAL SYSTEM
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 1.3 (LIKES DISSOLVE LIKES) AS ENVISAGED BY NRTL PROPERTY METHOD
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 1.4 THE MIXING RULE FOR THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 1.5 TXXY DIAGRAM FOR TRIETHYLAMINE–WATER SYSTEM
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 1.6 IBUPROFEN SOLUBILITY IN A HYBRID SOLVENT
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 1.7 ESTIMATION OF MIXTURE PROPERTIES
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 1.8 MAPPING THE PROPERTY METHOD WITH THE CHEMICAL PROCESS/COMPONENT
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 1.9 SPELLING THE PROPERTY METHOD WITH THE CHEMICAL PROCESS/COMPONENT
CHAPTER 2 MORE ON ASPEN PLUS® FLOWSHEET FEATURES (1)
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
ENTERING AND NAMING COMPOUNDS
BINARY INTERACTIONS
THE “SIMULATION” ENVIRONMENT: ACTIVATION DASHBOARD
PLACING A BLOCK AND MATERIAL STREAM FROM MODEL PALETTE
BLOCK AND STREAM MANIPULATION
DATA INPUT, PROJECT TITLE, AND REPORT OPTIONS
RUNNING THE SIMULATION
THE DIFFERENCE AMONG RECOMMENDED PROPERTY METHODS
NIST/TDE EXPERIMENTAL DATA
ADDING MORE STREAM PROPERTIES
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 2.1 (WATER–ALCOHOL SYSTEM)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 2.2 (WATER–ACETONE–EIPK SYSTEM WITH NIST/DTE DATA)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 2.3 (WATER–ACETONE–EIPK SYSTEM WITHOUT NIST/DTE DATA)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 2.4 (WATER–SUCROSE SYSTEM)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 2.5 (WATER–GLUCOSE SYSTEM)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 2.7 (PARAMETERIZED HYDROCARBON SYSTEM)
CHAPTER 3 MORE ON ASPEN PLUS® FLOWSHEET FEATURES (2)
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION: CONTINUATION TO CHAPTER TWO
THE CLEAN PARAMETERS STEP
SIMULATION RESULTS CONVERGENCE
ADDING STREAM TABLE
PROPERTY SETS
ADDING STREAM CONDITIONS
PRINTING FROM ASPEN PLUS®
VIEWING THE INPUT SUMMARY
REPORT GENERATION
STREAM PROPERTIES
ADDING A FLASH SEPARATION UNIT
THE REQUIRED INPUT FOR “FLASH3”-TYPE SEPARATOR
RUNNING THE SIMULATION AND CHECKING THE RESULTS
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 3.1 (OUTPUT OF INPUT DATA AND RESULTS)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 3.2 (OUTPUT OF INPUT DATA AND RESULTS)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 3.3 (OUTPUT OF INPUT DATA AND RESULTS)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 3.4 (THE PARTITION COEFFICIENT OF A SOLUTE)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 3.5 (A PARAMETERIZED FLASH DRUM)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 3.6 (SEPARATION OF HYDROCARBONS USING FLASH DRUMS)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 3.7 (A PARAMETERIZED FLASH DRUM)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 3.8 (A PARAMETERIZED HYDROCARBONS FLASH DRUM)
CHAPTER 4 FLASH SEPARATION AND DISTILLATION COLUMNS
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
ADDING A SECOND MIXER AND FLASH
DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS STUDY
ASPEN PLUS® DISTILLATION COLUMN OPTIONS
“DSTWU” DISTILLATION COLUMN
“DISTL” DISTILLATION COLUMN
“RADFRAC” DISTILLATION COLUMN
DESIGN AND SPECIFY COLUMN INTERNALS
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 4.1 (WATER–ALCOHOL SYSTEM)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 4.2 (WATER–ACETONE–EIPK SYSTEM WITH NIST/DTE DATA)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 4.3 (WATER–ACETONE–EIPK SYSTEM WITHOUT NIST/DTE DATA)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 4.4 (SCRUBBER)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 4.5 (CYCLOHEXANE–TOLUENE DISTILLATION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 4.6 (WATER–ETHANOL DISTILLATION)
CHAPTER 5 LIQUID–LIQUID EXTRACTION PROCESS
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
THE PROPER SELECTION FOR PROPERTY METHOD FOR EXTRACTION PROCESSES
DEFINING NEW PROPERTY SETS
THE PROPERTY METHOD VALIDATION VERSUS EXPERIMENTAL DATA USING SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
A MULTISTAGE EXTRACTION COLUMN
THE TRIANGLE DIAGRAM
REFERENCES
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 5.1 (SEPARATION OF MEK FROM OCTANOL)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 5.2 (SEPARATION OF MEK FROM WATER USING OCTANE)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 5.3 (SEPARATION OF ACETIC ACID FROM WATER USING ISOPROPYL BUTYL ETHER)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 5.4 (SEPARATION OF ACETONE FROM WATER USING TRICHLOROETHANE)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 5.5 (SEPARATION OF PROPIONIC ACID FROM WATER USING MEK)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 5.6 (SEPARATION OF ETHYL ACETATE FROM WATER USING AN ORGANIC SOLVENT)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 5.7 (SEPARATION OF DILUTE ACETIC ACID FROM WATER USING AN ORGANIC SOLVENT)
CHAPTER 6 REACTORS WITH SIMPLE REACTION KINETIC FORMS
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
DEFINING REACTION RATE CONSTANT TO ASPEN PLUS® ENVIRONMENT
ENTERING COMPONENTS AND METHOD OF PROPERTY
THE RIGOROUS PLUG FLOW REACTOR (RPLUG)
REACTOR AND REACTION SPECIFICATIONS FOR RPLUG (PFR)
RUNNING THE SIMULATION (PFR ONLY)
EXERCISE 6.1
COMPRESSOR (CMPRSSR) AND RADFRAC RECTIFYING COLUMN (RECTIF)
RUNNING THE SIMULATION (PFR + CMPRSSR + RECTIF)
EXERCISE 6.2
RADFRAC DISTILLATION COLUMN (DSTL)
RUNNING THE SIMULATION (PFR + CMPRSSR + RECTIF + DSTL)
REACTOR AND REACTION SPECIFICATIONS FOR RCSTR
RUNNING THE SIMULATION (PFR + CMPRSSR + RECTIF + DSTL + RCSTR)
EXERCISE 6.3
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS: THE REACTOR’S OPTIMUM OPERATING CONDITIONS
REFERENCES
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 6.1 (HYDROGEN PEROXIDE SHELF LIFE)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 6.2 (ESTERIFICATION PROCESS)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 6.3 (LIQUID-PHASEISOMERIZATION OF N-BUTANE)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 6.4 (LIQUID-PHASEBIODIESEL FORMATION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 6.5 (TRIMETHYLENE GLYCOL FORMATION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 6.6 (TRIETHYLAMINE FORMATION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 6.7 (N-PROPYLPROPIONATE FORMATION)
CHAPTER 7 REACTORS WITH COMPLEX (NONCONVENTIONAL) REACTION KINETIC FORMS
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
NONCONVENTIONAL KINETICS: LHHW TYPE REACTION
GENERAL EXPRESSIONS FOR SPECIFYING LHHW-TYPE REACTION IN ASPEN PLUS®
THE “DRIVING FORCE” FOR THE NONREVERSIBLE (IRREVERSIBLE) CASE
THE “DRIVING FORCE” FOR THE REVERSIBLE CASE
THE “ADSORPTION EXPRESSION”
THE PROPERTY METHOD: “SRK”
RPLUG FLOWSHEET FOR METHANOL PRODUCTION
ENTERING INPUT PARAMETERS
DEFINING METHANOL PRODUCTION REACTIONS AS LHHW TYPE
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS: EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE ON SELECTIVITY
REFERENCES
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 7.1 (GAS-PHASEOXIDATION OF CHLOROFORM)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 7.2 (FORMATION OF STYRENE FROM ETHYLBENZENE)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 7.3 (COMBUSTION OF METHANE OVER STEAM-AGEDPT–PD CATALYST)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 7.4 (LHHW KINETICS OF NO OXIDATION OVER CO3O4 CATALYST)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 7.5 (LHHW KINETICS OF LIMONENE PEROXIDATION OVER PW-AMBERLITECATALYST)
CHAPTER 8 PRESSURE DROP, FRICTION FACTOR, NPSHA, AND CAVITATION
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
THE PROPERTY METHOD: “STEAMNBS”
A WATER PUMPING FLOWSHEET
ENTERING PIPE, PUMP, AND FITTINGS SPECIFICATIONS
RESULTS: FRICTIONAL PRESSURE DROP, THE PUMP WORK, VALVE CHOKING, AND ANPSH VERSUS RNPSH
EXERCISE 8.1
MODEL ANALYSIS TOOLS: SENSITIVITY FOR THE ONSET OF CAVITATION OR VALVE CHOKING CONDITION
REFERENCES
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 8.1 (PENTANE TRANSPORT)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 8.2 (GLYCEROL TRANSPORT)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 8.3 (AIR COMPRESSION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 8.4 (LPG COMPRESSION AND STORAGE)
HOME/CLASS WORK 8.5 (N2 COMPRESSOR OUTLET PRESSURE)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 8.6 (WATER–PROPANOL PUMP)
CHAPTER 9 THE OPTIMIZATION TOOL
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION: DEFINING THE OBJECTIVE FUNCTION
THE PROPERTY METHOD: “STEAMNBS”
A FLOWSHEET FOR WATER TRANSPORT
ENTERING STREAM, PUMP, AND PIPE SPECIFICATIONS
MODEL ANALYSIS TOOLS: THE OPTIMIZATION TOOL
MODEL ANALYSIS TOOLS: THE SENSITIVITY TOOL
LAST COMMENTS
REFERENCES
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 9.1 (SWAMEE–JAIN EQUATION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 9.2 (A SIMPLIFIED PIPE DIAMETER OPTIMIZATION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 9.3 (THE OPTIMUM DIAMETER FOR A VISCOUS FLOW)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 9.4 (THE SELECTIVITY OF PARALLEL REACTIONS)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 9.5 (THE INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE OF A TWO-STAGE COMPRESSOR)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 9.6 (THE INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE OF A THREE-STAGE COMPRESSOR)
CHAPTER 10 HEAT EXCHANGER (H.E.) DESIGN
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
TYPES OF HEAT EXCHANGER MODELS IN ASPEN PLUS®
THE SIMPLE HEAT EXCHANGER MODEL (“HEATER”)
THE RIGOROUS HEAT EXCHANGER MODEL (“HEATX”)
THE RIGOROUS EXCHANGER DESIGN AND RATING PROCEDURE
The Edr Exchanger Feasibility Panel
The Rigorous Mode within the “Heatx” Block
GENERAL FOOTNOTES ON EDR EXCHANGER
REFERENCES
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 10.1 (HEAT EXCHANGER WITH PHASE CHANGE)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 10.2 (HIGH HEAT DUTY HEAT EXCHANGER)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 10.3 (DESIGN SPEC HEAT EXCHANGER)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 10.4 (AIR-FINNED HEAT EXCHANGER FOR COCONUT OIL FATTY ACIDS)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 10.5 (WATER-COOLED HEAT EXCHANGER FOR COCONUT OIL FATTY ACIDS)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 10.6 (OPTIMUM COMPOSITION FOR GLYCEROL–WATER SYSTEM)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 10.7 (A SIMPLE WATER HEATER SYSTEM)
CHAPTER 11 ELECTROLYTES
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION: WATER DE-SOURING
WHAT IS AN ELECTROLYTE?
THE PROPERTY METHOD FOR ELECTROLYTES
THE ELECTROLYTE WIZARD
WATER DE-SOURING PROCESS FLOWSHEET
ENTERING THE SPECIFICATIONS OF FEED STREAMS AND THE STRIPPER
THE SYMMETRIC REFERENCE STATE FOR IONIC COMPONENTS
APPENDIX: DEVELOPMENT OF “ELECNRTL” MODEL
REFERENCES
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 11.1 (AN ACIDIC SLUDGE NEUTRALIZATION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 11.2 (CO2 REMOVAL FROM NATURAL GAS)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 11.3 (PH OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF SALTS)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 11.4 (PH CURVE FOR A STRONG ACID-STRONG BASE TITRATION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 11.5 (PH CURVE FOR A WEAK ACID–STRONG BASE TITRATION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 11.6 (PH CURVE FOR A STRONG ACID–WEAK BASE TITRATION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 11.7 (NACL AQUEOUS SOLUBILITY)
CHAPTER 12 POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES
THE THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
Polymerization Reactions
CATALYST TYPES
Ethylene Process Types
Reaction Kinetic Scheme
Reaction Steps
Catalyst States
HIGH-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE) HIGH-TEMPERATURE SOLUTION PROCESS
Problem Definition
Process Conditions
CREATING ASPEN PLUS® FLOWSHEET FOR HDPE
IMPROVING CONVERGENCE
PRESENTING THE PROPERTY DISTRIBUTION OF POLYMER
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 12.1 MAXIMIZING THE DEGREE OF HDPE POLYMERIZATION
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 12.2 STYRENE ACRYLO-NITRILE (SAN) POLYMERIZATION
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 12.3 DEGREE OF HDPE POLYMERIZATION WITH RECYCLING
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 12.4 SOLUBILIZATION OF HDPE IN BENZENE–TOLUENE–HEXANE SOLVENT
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 12.5 SOLUBILIZATION OF HDPE AND PP IN BENZENE–TOLUENE–HEXANE SOLVENT
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 12.6 SOLUBILIZATION OF HDPE + PP+PVC IN BENZENE–TOLUENE–HEXANE–ETHANOL SOLVENT
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 12.7 MAXIMIZATION OF MWN OF PP SYNTHESIS
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A THE MAIN FEATURES AND ASSUMPTIONS OF ASPEN PLUS® CHAIN POLYMERIZATION MODEL
Polymerization Mechanism
Copolymerization Mechanism
Rate Expressions
Rate Constants
Catalyst Pre-Activation
Catalyst Site Activation
Site Activation Reactions
Chain Initiation
Propagation
Chain Transfer to Small Molecules
Chain Transfer to Monomer
Site Deactivation
Site Inhibition
Cocatalyst Poisoning
Terminal Double-Bond Polymerization
Phase Equilibria
Rate Calculations
Calculated Polymer Properties
APPENDIX B THE NUMBER AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT (MWN) AND WEIGHT AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT (MWW)
CHAPTER 13 CHARACTERIZATION OF DRUG-LIKE MOLECULES AND THEIR SOLUBILITY
INTRODUCTION
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
CREATING ASPEN PLUS® (AP) PHARMACEUTICAL TEMPLATE
Entering the User-Defined Benzamide (BNZMD-UD) as Conventional
Specifying Properties to Estimate
DEFINING MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF BNZMD-UD
ENTERING PROPERTY DATA
CONTRASTING AP DATABANK (BNZMD-DB) VERSUS BNZMD-UD
SOLUBILITY OF DRUGS IN A HYBRID SOLVENT
FINAL NOTES ON DRUG SOLUBILITY
REFERENCES
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 13.1 (VANILLIN)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 13.2 (IBUPROFEN)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 13.3 OPTIMUM FORMULATION FOR IBUPROFEN SOLUBILITY IN A HYBRID SOLVENT
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 13.4 OPTIMUM FORMULATION FOR KETOPROFEN SOLUBILITY IN A HYBRID SOLVENT
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 13.5 OPTIMUM FORMULATION FOR NAPROXEN SOLUBILITY IN A HYBRID SOLVENT
CHAPTER 14 SOLIDS HANDLING
INTRODUCTION
CREATING ASPEN PLUS® FLOWSHEET
Entering Components Information
Adding the Flowsheet Objects
Defining the Particle Size Distribution (PSD)
Calculation of the Outlet PSD
EXERCISE 14.1 (DETERMINE CRUSHER OUTLET PSD FROM COMMINUTION POWER)
EXERCISE 14.2 (SPECIFYING CRUSHER OUTLET PSD)
CREATING ASPEN PLUS® FLOWSHEET
Entering Components Information
Adding the Flowsheet Objects
Entering Input Data
Results
EXERCISE 14.3 (RE-CONVERGINGTHE SOLUTION FOR AN INPUT CHANGE)
REFERENCES
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 14.1 (KCL DRYING)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 14.2 (KCL CRYSTALLIZATION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 14.3 (TPA CRYSTALLIZATION AND AIR DRYING)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 14.4 (AGGLOMERATION OF CASO4 AND CACO3 USING LYSINE)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 14.5 (ALUMINA TRANSFORMATION WITH RECYCLING)
SOLIDS UNIT OPERATIONS
Unit Operation Solids Models
Solids Separators Models
Solids Handling Models
SOLIDS CLASSIFICATION
PREDEFINED STREAM CLASSIFICATION
SUB-STREAM CLASSES
PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION (PSD)
FLUIDIZED BEDS
CHAPTER 15 ASPEN PLUS® DYNAMICS
INTRODUCTION
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
PREPARING ASPEN PLUS® SIMULATION FOR ASPEN PLUS® DYNAMICS (APD)
CONVERSION OF ASPEN PLUS® STEADY STATE INTO DYNAMIC SIMULATION
MODES OF DYNAMIC CSTR HEAT TRANSFER
CREATING THE PRESSURE-DRIVEN DYNAMIC FILES FOR APD
OPENING A DYNAMIC FILE USING APD
THE “SIMULATION MESSAGES” WINDOW
THE RUNNING MODE: INITIALIZATION
ADDING TEMPERATURE CONTROL (TC)
SNAPSHOTS MANAGEMENT FOR CAPTURED SUCCESSFUL OLD RUNS
THE CONTROLLER FACEPLATE
COMMUNICATION TIME FOR UPDATING/PRESENTING RESULTS
THE CLOSED-LOOP AUTO-TUNE VARIATION (ATV) TEST VERSUS OPEN-LOOP TUNE-UP TEST
THE OPEN-LOOP (MANUAL MODE) TUNE-UP FOR LIQUID-LEVEL CONTROLLER
THE CLOSED-LOOP DYNAMIC RESPONSE FOR LIQUID-LEVEL LOAD DISTURBANCE
THE CLOSED-LOOP DYNAMIC RESPONSE FOR LIQUID-LEVEL SET-POINT DISTURBANCE
ACCOUNTING FOR DEAD/LAG TIME IN PROCESS DYNAMICS
THE CLOSED-LOOP (AUTO MODE) ATV TEST FOR TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER (TC)
THE CLOSED-LOOP DYNAMIC RESPONSE: “TC” RESPONSE TO TEMPERATURE LOAD DISTURBANCE
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN “LC” AND “TC” CONTROL UNIT
THE STABILITY OF A PROCESS WITHOUT CONTROL
THE CASCADE CONTROL
MONITORING OF VARIABLES AS FUNCTIONS OF TIME
FINAL NOTES ON THE VIRTUAL (DRY) PROCESS CONTROL IN APD
REFERENCES
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 15.1 (A CASCADE CONTROL OF A SIMPLE WATER HEATER)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 15.2 (A CSTR CONTROL WITH “LMTD” HEAT TRANSFER OPTION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 15.3 (A PFR CONTROL FOR ETHYL-BENZENE PRODUCTION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 15.4 (A PFR CONTROL FOR ETHYLBENZENE PRODUCTION WITH COOLING WATER)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 15.5 (WATER HEATING TANK WITH NEGLIGIBLE THERMAL INERTIA)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 15.6 (WATER HEATING TANK WITH WEIGHTY THERMAL INERTIA)
CHAPTER 16 SAFETY AND ENERGY ASPECTS OF CHEMICAL PROCESSES
INTRODUCTION
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
ADDING A PRESSURE SAFETY VALVE (PSV)
ADDING A RUPTURE DISK (RD)
PRESSURE RELIEF
PREPARATION OF FLOWSHEET FOR “ENERGY ANALYSIS” ENVIRONMENT
THE “ENERGY ANALYSIS” ACTIVATION
ASPEN ENERGY ANALYZER
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 16.1 (ACETONE–WATER SYSTEM: ADDING A STORAGE TANK PROTECTION)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 16.2 (ACETONE–WATER SYSTEM: ENERGY ANALYSIS)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 16.3 (SEPARATION OF C2/C3/C4 HYDROCARBON MIXTURE: SAFETY AND ENERGY ANALYSIS)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 16.4 (SEPARATION OF BENZENE, TOLUENE, AND ETHYLBENZENE MIXTURE: SAFETY AND ENERGY ANALYSIS)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 16.5 (CO2, C2, AND C3 GAS HEATER: PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICES)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 16.6 (CO2, C2, AND C3 GAS HEATER: ENERGY ANALYSIS)
CHAPTER 17 ASPEN PROCESS ECONOMIC ANALYZER (APEA)
OPTIMIZED PROCESS FLOWSHEET FOR ACETIC ANHYDRIDE PRODUCTION
COSTING OPTIONS IN ASPEN PLUS®
ASPEN PROCESS ECONOMIC ANALYZER (APEA) ESTIMATION TEMPLATE
FEED AND PRODUCT STREAM PRICES
Utility Association with a Flowsheet Block
THE FIRST ROUTE FOR CHEMICAL PROCESS COSTING
THE SECOND ROUND FOR CHEMICAL PROCESS COSTING
Project Properties
Loading Simulator Data
Mapping and Sizing
Project Evaluation
Fixing Geometrical Design-Related Errors
Executive Summary
Capital Costs Report
Investment Analysis
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 17.1 (FEED/PRODUCT UNIT PRICE EFFECT ON PROCESS PROFITABILITY)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 17.2 (USING EUROPEAN ECONOMIC TEMPLATE)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 17.3 (PROCESS PROFITABILITY OF ACETONE RECOVERY FROM SPENT SOLVENT)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 17.4 (PROCESS PROFITABILITY OF ACETONE RECOVERY FROM SPENT SOLVENT WITH RECYCLING)
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 17.5 (PROCESS PROFITABILITY OF ACETONER ECOVERY FROM SPENT SOLVENT USING KETONE WITH RECYCLING)
APPENDIX
NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) FOR A CHEMICAL PLANT
DISCOUNTED PAYOUT (PAYBACK) PERIOD (DPP)
EXAMPLE 17.1 (UNIFORM CASH FLOW)
EXAMPLE 17.2 (NONUNIFORM CASH FLOW)
PROFITABILITY INDEX
EXAMPLE 17.3
INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN (IRR)
MODIFIED INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN (MIRR)
EXAMPLE 17.4
CHAPTER 18 TERM PROJECTS (TP) WITH ADVANCED AP FEATURES
A GENERAL NOTE ON OIL-WATER SYSTEMS
TP #1: PRODUCTION OF ACETONE VIA THE DEHYDRATION OF ISOPROPANOL
TP #2: PRODUCTION OF FORMALDEHYDE FROM METHANOL (SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS)
TP #3: PRODUCTION OF DIMETHYL ETHER (PROCESS ECONOMICS AND CONTROL)
PROCESS DYNAMICS AND CONTROL
TP #4: PRODUCTION OF ACETIC ACID VIA PARTIAL OXIDATION OF ETHYLENE GAS
TP #5: PYROLYSIS OF BENZENE
TP #6: REUSE OF SPENT SOLVENTS
TP #7: SOLIDS HANDLING: PRODUCTION OF POTASSIUM SULFATE FROM SODIUM SULFATE
TP #8: SOLIDS HANDLING: PRODUCTION OF CACO3-BASED AGGLOMERATE AS A GENERAL ADDITIVE
TP #9: SOLIDS HANDLING: FORMULATION OF DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE AND POTASSIUM NITRATE BLEND FERTILIZER
TP #10: “FLOWSHEETING OPTIONS” | “CALCULATOR”: GAS DE-SOURING AND SWEETENING PROCESS
TP #11: USING MORE THAN ONE PROPERTY METHOD AND STREAM CLASS: SOLID-CATALYZED DIRECT HYDRATION OF PROPYLENE TO ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL (IPA)
TP #12: POLYMERIZATION: PRODUCTION OF POLYVINYL ACETATE (PVAC)
TP #13: POLYMERIZATION: EMULSION COPOLYMERIZATION OF STYRENE AND BUTADIENE TO PRODUCE SBR
TP #14: POLYMERIZATION: FREE RADICAL POLYMERIZATION OF METHYL METHACRYLATE TO PRODUCE POLY (METHYL METHACRYLATE)
TP #15: LHHW KINETICS: PRODUCTION OF CYCLOHEXANONE-OXIME (CYCHXOXM) VIA CYCLOHEXANONE AMMOXIMATION USING CLAY-BASED TITANIUM SILICALITE (TS) CATALYST
TP #16: ACRYLIC ACID PRODUCTION FROM PROPYLENE OXIDATION
TP #17: AMMONIA PRODUCTION AT RELATIVELY LOW PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE
TP #18: ACROLEIN PRODUCTION FROM PROPYLENE OXIDATION
CHAPTER 19 ASPEN CUSTOM MODELER (ACM)
INTRODUCTION
SETUP PROPERTIES
Start from Aspen Properties
Start from Aspen Plus®
STARTING ACM
ACM TERMINOLOGY
Variables
Parameters
Ports
Blocks
Connections
Streams
Procedures
MODEL CREATION
CREATION OF VARIABLES AND EQUATIONS
Specifications for Variables
COMPILE AND TEST THE MODEL
BUILDING A FLOWSHEET
OPEN SYSTEM: ADD THE COMPONENT MOLE BALANCE
ADD THE ENERGY BALANCE
ADD PORTS
MIXING RULE FOR PORTS/STREAMS
HANDLING SIMULATION DIVERGENCE PROBLEMS
RUNNING ACM MODELS UNDER ASPEN PLUS® (AP) PLATFORM
Equivalencing
Solvers and Decomposition
Using Compatible Port Types
Specifying Export Model Properties
Create a Default Icon for ACM Model
Package Model for Aspen Plus®/HYSYS
ACM Model Management
Making Use of ACM Model in AP
MASS TRANSFER-CONTROLLED EVAPORATION RATE
PROCESS DYNAMICS MODEL
ADDING A PLOT FORM
SCRIPTS AND TASKS
Create a Flowsheet Script from Variable Find
Create a Flowsheet Task
OPTIMIZATION
Creating the Dynamic Optimization Inputs
Creating a Task to Implement the Optimal Profiles
Creating Different Constraints
DYNAMIC/STEADY ESTIMATION
Creating the Dynamic/Static Estimation Inputs
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 19.1 FLASH DRUM FOR EG, TEG, AND WATER
HOMEWORK/CLASSWORK 19.2 DYNAMIC OPTIMIZATION FOR NON-ISOTHERMAL CSTR
REFERENCES
INDEX
EULA