Aqueous solutions of single electrolytes: thermodynamic properties at high temperature and concentration
โ Scribed by Anil Kumar; V.S. Patwardhan
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 1992
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 742 KB
- Volume
- 47
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0009-2509
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
โฆ Synopsis
The concept of ionic hydration has been used earlier to get a new representation of the excess free energy of aqueous, single-electrolyte solutions, which leads to the prediction of y* and # values using only two parameters for each electrolyte at 25ยฐC. Here this concept is extended to cover higher temperatures (up to 300ยฐC) using temperature-dependent parameters. The resulting equations arc tested with experimental data for several electrolytes of different charge types, covering temperatures up to 300ยฐC and concentrations up to an ionic strength of 15 mol kg-l. It is found that six or seven parameters are enough to get excellent predictive accuracy for y* and # over these concentration and temperature ranges. A detailed comparison with equations of earlier works clearly brings out the predictive superiority of the present method. In recent years, one of the earlier approaches, based on a virial equation for excess free energy, has been shown to give comparable predictive accuracy. However, it has been demqnstrated only for a few electrolytes, and involves 15 or more parameters. The genera1 applicability of the present method is therefore obvious. It has also been shown to be useful in the accurate calculation of the thermal properties, such as enthalpy and heat capacity, which involve successive differentiation of the excess free energy with temperature.
๐ SIMILAR VOLUMES
Abstraet--A new approach is presented for calculation of activity coefficients in multicomponent aqueous electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions. The approach is based on an integration of the Gibbs-Duhem equation. It is shown that using standard thermodynamic properties for the pure components an
The viscosities of dilute aqueous solutions of polyacrylamide were measured at temperatures from 20 to 60.4 ยฐ and pressures up to 150 MPa using a falling-body viscometer. The viscosity coefficient, ~, increases exponentially with increasing pressure at a given temperature and concentration. The rate
Isopiestic results for SrCl2(aq) and BaCl2(aq) were obtained at T = 498 K and T = 523 K. As a check on previously reported results for MgCl2(aq) (from T = 383 K to T = 473 K), new isopiestic measurements were made over the temperature range from 383 K to 523 K. The new measurements are slightly diff