Applied Electromagnetics : Early Transmission Lines Approach

✍ Scribed by Stuart M. Wentworth

• Publisher: Wiley
• Year: 2007
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 678
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

The revolution in wireless communications calls for a new focus in the electrical engineering curriculum. Stuart M. Wentworth fills that need with his new Applied Electromagnetics: A Transmission Lines First Approach. Incorporating the popular MATLAB program throughout, it features practical applications for wireless systems, transmission lines, waveguides (including optical fiber), antennas, and microwave systems. Designed for use in a one- or two-semester sequence at the junior and senior level, it offers students both detailed theoretical grounding and hands-on experience in harmony with today’s professional practice.

✦ Table of Contents

PREFACE
BRIEF CONTENTS
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
1.1.1 Electric Fields
1.1.2 Magnetic Fields
1.1.3 Field Linkage
1.2 THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
1.3 WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
1.4 DEALING WITH UNITS
1.5 WORKING WITH MATLAB
1.5.1 MATLAB Programs
1.6 WAVE FUNDAMENTALS
1.7 PHASORS
SUMMARY
SUGGESTED REFERENCE
PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 2 TRANSMISSION LINES
2.1 DISTRIBUTED-PARAMETER MODEL
2.1.1 Coaxial Cable
2.1.2 Telegraphist's Equations
2.2 TIME-HARMONIC WAVES ON TRANSMISSION LINES
2.2.1 Characteristic Impedance
2.2.2 Lossless Line
2.3 POWER TRANSMISSION
2.4 TERMINATED T-LINES
2.4.1 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
2.4.2 Input Impedance
2.4.3 Complex Loads
2.4.4 Special Terminations
2.5 THE COMPLETE CIRCUIT
2.6 THE SMITH CHART
2.6.1 Smith Chart Derivation
2.6.2 Using the Smith Chart
2.6.3 Impedance Measurement
2.7 IMPEDANCE MATCHING
2.7.1 Quarter-Wave Transformer
2.7.2 Matching with the Smith Chart
2.7.3 Admittance of Shunt Stubs
2.7.4 Shunt-Stub Matching
2.8 TRANSIENTS
2.8.1 Pulse Response
2.8.2 Practical Application: Schottky-Diode Terminations
2.8.3 Reactive Loads
2.8.4 Time-Domain Reflectometry
2.9 DISPERSION
SUMMARY
PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 3 ELECTROSTATICS
3.1 VECTORS IN THE CARTESIAN COORDINATE SYSTEM
3.2 COULOMB'S LAW
3.2.1 Electric Field Intensity
3.2.2 Field Lines
3.3 THE SPHERICAL COORDINATE SYSTEM
3.4 LINE CHARGES AND THE CYLINDRICAL COORDINATE SYSTEM
3.4.1 Infinite Length Line of Charge
3.4.2 Ring of Charge
3.5 SURFACE AND VOLUME CHARGE
3.5.1 Volume Charge
3.5.2 Practical Application: Laser Printer
3.6 ELECTRIC FLUX DENSITY
3.7 GAUSS'S LAW AND APPLICATIONS
3.7.1 Coaxial Cable
3.8 DIVERGENCE AND THE POINT FORM OF GAUSS'S LAW
3.9 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
3.9.1 Gradient
3.10 CONDUCTORS AND OHM'S LAW
3.10.1 Current and Current Density
3.10.2 Joule's Law
3.11 DIELECTRICS
3.11.1 Practical Application: Electret Microphone
3.12 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
3.13 BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS
3.14 CAPACITANCE
3.14.1 Electrostatic Potential Energy
3.14.2 Practical Application: Electrolytic Capacitors
SUMMARY
PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 4 MAGNETOSTATICS
4.1 MAGNETIC FIELDS AND THE CROSS PRODUCT
4.1.1 Oersted's Experiment
4.2 BIOT-SAVART'S LAW
4.2.1 Solenoid
4.2.2 Surface and Volume Current Densities
4.3 AMPERE'S CIRCUITAL LAW
4.4 CURL AND THE POINT FORM OF AMPERE'S CIRCUITAL LAW
4.4.1 Stokes's Theorem
4.5 MAGNETIC FLUX DENSITY
4.6 MAGNETIC FORCES
4.6.1 Force on a Current Element
4.6.2 Magnetic Torque and Moment
4.6.3 Practical Application: Loudspeakers
4.7 MAGNETIC MATERIALS
4.8 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
4.9 INDUCTANCE AND MAGNETIC ENERGY
4.9.1 Mutual Inductance
4.9.2 Magnetic Energy
4.10 MAGNETIC CIRCUITS
4.10.1 Electromagnets
4.10.2 Practical Application: Maglev
SUMMARY
PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 5 DYNAMIC FIELDS
5.1 CURRENT CONTINUITY AND RELAXATION TIME
5.2 FARADAY'S LAW AND TRANSFORMER EMF
5.2.1 Transformer EMF
5.2.2 Transformers
5.2.3 Point Form of Faradays Law
5.3 FARADAY'S LAW AND MOTIONAL EMF
5.3.1 Generators
5.4 DISPLACEMENT CURRENT
5.5 MAXWELL'S EQUATIONS
5.6 LOSSLESS TEM WAVES
5.7 TIME-HARMONIC FIELDS AND PHASORS
SUMMARY
PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 6 PLANE WAVES
6.1 GENERAL WAVE EQUATIONS
6.1.1 Time-Harmonic Wave Equations
6.1.2 Propagating Fields Relation
6.2 PROPAGATION IN LOSSLESS CHARGE-FREE MEDIA
6.3 PROPAGATION IN DIELECTRICS
6.3.1 Low-Loss Dielectrics
6.3.2 Loss Tangent
6.4 PROPAGATION IN CONDUCTORS
6.4.1 Current in Conductors
6.5 THE POYNTING THEOREM AND POWER TRANSMISSION
6.5.1 UPW Power Transmission
6.6 POLARIZATION
6.6.1 Practical Application: Liquid Crystal Displays
6.7 REFLECTION AND TRANSMISSION AT NORMAL INCIDENCE
6.7.1 General Case
6.7.2 Standing Waves
6.8 REFLECTION AND TRANSMISSION AT OBLIQUE INCIDENCE
6.8.1 TE Polarization
6.8.2 TM Polarization
SUMMARY
PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 7 WAVEGUIDES
7.1 RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE FUNDAMENTALS
7.1.1 Wave Propagation
7.1.2 Waveguide Impedance
7.1.3 Practical Application: Microwave Ovens
7.2 WAVEGUIDE FIELD EQUATIONS
7.2.1 TM Mode
7.2.2 TE Mode
7.3 DIELECTRIC WAVEGUIDE
7.3.1 TE Mode
7.3.2 TM Mode
7.3.3 Field Equations
7.4 OPTICAL FIBER
7.4.1 Numerical Aperture
7.4.2 Signal Degradation
7.4.3 Attenuation
7.4.4 Graded-Index Fiber
7.5 FIBER-OPTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
7.5.1 Optical Sources
7.5.2 Optical Detectors
7.5.3 Repeaters and Optical Amplifiers
7.5.4 Connections
7.6 OPTICAL LINK DESIGN
7.6.1 Power Budget
7.6.2 Rise-Time Budget
SUMMARY
SUGGESTED REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 8 ANTENNAS
8.1 GENERAL PROPERTIES
8.1.1 Radiated Power
8.1.2 Radiation Patterns
8.1.3 Directivity
8.1.4 Impedance and Efficiency
8.1.5 A Commercial Antenna
8.2 ELECTRICALLY SHORT ANTENNAS
8.2.1 Vector Magnetic Potential
8.2.2 The Hertzian Dipole
8.2.3 The Small loop Antenna
8.3 DIPOLE ANTENNAS
8.3.1 Derivation of Fields
8.3.2 Antenna Properties
8.3.3 Half-Wave Dipole
8.4 MONOPOLE ANTENNAS
8.4.1 Image Theory
8.4.2 Antenna Properties
8.4.3 Practical Considerations
8.5 ANTENNA ARRAYS
8.5.1 Pair of Hertzian Dipoles
8.5.2 N-Element Linear Arrays
8.5.3 Parasitic Arrays
8.6 THE FRIIS TRANSMISSION EQUATION
8.6.1 Polarization Efficiency
8.6.2 Receiver Matching
8.7 RADAR
8.7.1 Doppler Frequency Shift
8.8 ANTENNAS FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
8.8.1 Parabolic Reflectors
8.8.2 Patch Antennas
8.8.3 Slot Antennas
8.8.4 Folded Dipole Antennas
SUMMARY
SUGGESTED REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 9 ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE
9.1 INTERFERENCE SOURCES
9.1.1 Lightning
9.1.2 Electrostatic Discharge
9.1.3 Power Disturbance Sources
9.1.4 RadioTransmitters
9.2 PASSIVE CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
9.2.1 Conductors
9.2.2 Resistors
9.2.3 Inductors
9.2.4 Capacitors
9.3 DIGITAL SIGNALS
9.4 GROUNDS
9.4.1 Bond Wires
9.4.2 Signal Grounds
9.4.3 Loop Area
9.5 SHIELDS
9.5.1 Shielded Cable
9.6 FILTERS
9.6.1 Reflective Filters
9.6.2 Ferrite Chokes
SUMMARY
SUGGESTED REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 10 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING
10.1 MICROSTRIP
10.1.1 Attenuation
10.1.2 Other Planar T-lines
10.2 LUMPED-ELEMENT MATCHING NETWORKS
10.3 SCATTERING PARAMETERS
10.3.1 Reciprocal Networks
10.3.2 Lossless Networks
10.3.3 Return Loss and Insertion Loss
10.3.4 Shift in Reference Plane
10.3.5 The Vector Network Analyzer
10.4 COUPLERS AND DIVIDERS
10.4.1 Circulators
10.4.2 Three-Port Dividers
10.4.3 Couplers
10.5 FILTERS
10.5.1 Simple Filters
10.5.2 Multisection Filters
10.5.3 High-Pass Filters
10.5.4 Bandpass Filters
10.6 AMPLIFIERS
10.6.1 Designing Matching Networks
10.6.2 Balanced Amplifiers
10.7 RECEIVER DESIGN
10.7.1 Oscillators
10.7.2 Mixers
10.7.3 Microwave CAD
10.7.4 Practical Application: Radio Frequency Identification
SUMMARY
SUGGESTED REFERENCES
PROBLEMS
APPENDIX A VECTOR RELATIONS
VECTOR ALGEBRA
VECTOR OPERATIONS
VECTOR IDENTITIES
APPENDIX B COORDINATE SYSTEM TRANSFORMATIONS
RECTANGULAR-CYLINDRICAL TRANSFORMATIONS
RECTANGULAR-SPHERICAL TRANSFORMATIONS
DIFFERENTIAL LENGTHS
APPENDIX C COMPLEX NUMBERS
APPENDIX D INTEGRALS, CONVERSIONS, AND CONSTANTS
USEFUL INTEGRALS
QUADRATIC EQUATION
HALF-ANGLE FORMULAS
HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS
CONVERSIONS AND CONSTANTS
APPENDIX E MATERIAL PROPERTIES
APPENDIX F COMMON MATLAB MATH FUNCTIONS
APPENDIX G ANSWERS TO SELECTED PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2: TRANSMISSION LINES
CHAPTER 3: ELECTROSTATICS
CHAPTER 4: MAGNETOSTATICS
CHAPTER 5: DYNAMIC FIELDS
CHAPTER 6: PLANE WAVES
CHAPTER 7: WAVEGUIDE
CHAPTER 8: ANTENNAS
CHAPTER 9: ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE
CHAPTER 10: MICROWAVE ENGINEERING
INDEX