Antibody responses to hepatitis C envelope proteins in patients with acute or chronic hepatitis C

✍ Scribed by Fournillier-Jacob, Anne; Lunel, Françoise; Cahour, Annie; Cresta, Pascale; Frangeul, Lionel; Perrin, Michelle; Girard, Marc; Wychowski, Czeslaw

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 1996
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 976 KB
• Volume: 50
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0146-6615
• DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9071(199610)50:2<159::aid-jmv9>3.0.co;2-9

✦ Synopsis

Antibody responses to the hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope proteins E l and E2 were analyzed using two original assays in sera from 86 patients in different stages of disease. A Western blot assay and an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) were developed using envelope proteins produced, respectively, in Escherichia coli and in CV1 cells infected with a recombinant SV40. As a third method, the INNO-LIA HCV Ab Ill assay including E2 synthetic peptides was used. Of 38 chronically infected patients positive for antiLE2 antibodies by IFA, 26 were positive in the Western blot assay (68%) and 25 in the INNO-LIA test (66%). Thus, the detection of anti-envelope antibodies is highly dependent on the antigen formulation, and a native glycosylated form of the proteins is probably needed for their efficient detection. This study shows that the antibody response to HCV envelope proteins depends on the phase of infection. A few acutely infected patients displayed a response to E l or E2 (36% by Western blot, 7% by IFA), and these antibodies seem t o develop in patients evolving toward chronicity. The high prevalence in chronically infected subjects (62% to E2 by Western blot, 90% by IFA), particularly in subjects with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (68% and loo%), confirms that the resolution of infection involves more than these antibodies. The antienvelope response in patients treated with interferon was investigated, but no significant relationship was found between antibody level prior to treatment and the evolution of hepatitis. The detection of anti-envelope antibodies, therefore, is not predictive of the response to antiviral therapy.