Anti-Seismic Devices: A Reference Manual for Structural Engineers

✍ Scribed by Agostino Marioni

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2024
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 280
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book stands as a manual and ready reference for structural engineers on the seismic protection of civil engineering structures. Beginning with a short historical overview, the book explains the concepts of seismic protection, describes the most common types of anti-seismic devices, and summarizes the main existing standards for anti-seismic devices, with particular reference to the European Standard. It imparts expertise on the devices that is normally restricted by proprietary interests of a few specialists. Then it goes on to illustrate the main differences between European and American Standards, examine the output of the principle laboratories globally engaged in testing anti-seismic devices, and to describe state-of-art technologies to retrofit seismically existing buildings. The volume concludes with a number of accounts of projects involving the author where structures were equipped with anti-seismic devices and provides some insight on the future development of relevant technologies.

✦ Table of Contents

Foreword
Preface
Contents
Chapter 1: Early Applications of Anti-seismic Measures
1.1 The Diana Temple in Ephesus
1.2 Other Anti-seismic Applications in the Hellenistic Period
1.3 The Pestalozzi School in Skopje
References
Chapter 2: The Principles of Base Isolation and Seismic Protection of Structures
2.1 Seismic Action
2.2 Damping
2.3 The Damping Effect on the Seismic Action
2.4 Anti-seismic Strategies
References
Chapter 3: Base Isolators
3.1 General
3.2 Lead Rubber Bearings (LRBs)
3.3 High-Damping Rubber Bearings (HDRBs)
3.4 Sliding Pendulum Isolators
3.4.1 How to Choose the Right One
3.4.2 The Sliding Materials
3.5 Sliders
3.6 Comparison Table Between Rubber Isolators and Sliding Pendulum
References
Chapter 4: Hysteretic Dampers
References
Chapter 5: Hydraulic Devices
Chapter 6: Magnetic Dampers
References
Chapter 7: The European Standard EN 15129
7.1 Introduction
7.2 General Design Rules: Chapter 4
7.3 Rigid Connection Devices: Chapter 5
7.4 Displacement Dependent Devices: Chapter 6
7.5 Velocity Dependent Devices: Chapter 7
7.6 Isolators: Chapter 7
7.6.1 Buckling Stability under Seismic Actions (Clause 8.2.3.4.4 of the EN 15129)
7.6.2 Retaining Rings
7.6.3 Flat Sliders
References
Chapter 8: Main Standards Worldwide and Comparison with the European Standard
8.1 Who Wrote the Standard
8.2 Number of Pages
8.3 Orientation
8.4 Types of Devices
8.5 Re-centering Requirements
8.6 Quality Assurance
8.7 Testing
References
Chapter 9: Testing Requirements of Anti-seismic Devices and Available Testing Facilities
9.1 Test Requirements
9.1.1 Restraints (Dowel and Guides)
9.1.2 Fuse Restraints
9.1.3 Temporary Connecting Devices (STU)
9.1.4 Displacement-Dependent Devices (Linear and Nonlinear)
Type Test
Factory Production Control
9.1.5 Velocity-Dependent Devices (Viscous Dampers)
9.1.6 Rubber Isolators
9.1.7 Sliding Pendulum Isolators
9.1.8 Combination of Devices
9.2 Requirements for Testing Equipment
9.3 Testing Equipment Worldwide
9.3.1 University of California in San Diego–UCSD–SRMD
9.3.2 Eucentre: TREES Lab, Pavia, Italy
9.3.3 Wuhan Hirun Laboratory: Wuhan, China
Performances
The Prestressed Concrete Frame
The Pumping System
Accumulators and Piping System
The Actuators
Data Acquisition and Control System
9.3.4 Summary of the Performances of the Described Laboratories
Chapter 10: Simplified Computation of a Base-Isolated Structure
10.1 Structural Analysis of a Base-Isolated Structure
10.2 Simplified Linear Analysis
10.3 Example of Computation of a Base-Isolated Building
10.4 Base Isolation Using High-Damping Rubber Bearings (HDRBs)
10.5 Base Isolation Using Sliding Pendulum Isolators
10.6 Base Isolation Using Lead Rubber Bearings (LRBs)
10.7 Comparison of the Results
10.8 General Rules for Base-Isolated Buildings
10.9 Simplified Calculation of Base-Isolated Bridges
Chapter 11: Seismic Retrofitting of Existing Structures
11.1 General
11.2 Seismic Retrofitting of Buildings
11.3 Seismic Retrofitting of Bridges
11.3.1 Retrofitting by Dynamic Connectors or Viscous Dampers
11.3.2 Retrofitting by Base Isolation
Reference
Chapter 12: A Short History of Anti-seismic Devices Through the Author’s Personal Experience
12.1 Year 1974: Seismic Retrofit of the Bridge Over the River Noce (Fiumarella del Noce)—Calabria, Southern Italy
12.2 Year 1980: The Bridges of the Udine Tarvisio Motorway in Italy
12.2.1 Preliminary Comments
12.2.2 Description
12.3 Year 1987: Base Isolation of TELECOM (Italian State Telephone Company) in Ancona, Italy with HDRBs
12.4 Year 1989: Base Isolation of the Mortaiolo (Coltano) Viaduct by E-Shaped Hysteretic Dampers
12.4.1 Preface
12.4.2 Static Scheme of the Viaduct
12.4.3 Properties of Hysteretic Dampers
12.4.4 Shock Transmission Units
12.4.5 Behavior of a Complete Device
12.4.6 Final Remarks
12.5 Year 1991: Base Isolation of the Bolu Viaducts by C-Shaped Hysteretic Dampers
12.5.1 Preface
12.5.2 Introduction
12.5.3 The Design of the Structures
12.5.4 Static Scheme of the Structures
12.5.5 Anti-seismic Devices
EP-Type
VP Type
VPJ Type
EP on Abutments
12.5.6 Seismic Design of the Bridges
12.5.7 The Earthquakes of 1999
12.5.8 The Behavior of the Structures
12.5.9 Repair of the Bridge
12.5.10 Conclusions
12.6 Year 1992: The Seismic Retrofit of the Soccavo Building in Naples
12.6.1 Introduction
12.6.2 Building Description
12.6.3 Seismic Isolation
12.6.4 Design of the Isolation System
12.6.5 Design of the Conventional Reinforcement Strengthening
12.6.6 Dynamic Analysis
12.6.7 Isolation System
12.6.8 Construction Procedure
12.6.9 Conclusions
12.7 Year 1998: The Seismic Retrofit of the Carquinez Bridge in California
12.7.1 Preface
12.7.2 Description of the Project
12.8 Year 2009: Base Isolation of the Sakarya Viaduct with Very Large LRBs
12.8.1 Preface
12.8.2 Introduction
12.8.3 Seismicity and Geotechnical Properties of the Site
12.8.4 Bridge Properties
12.8.5 Superstructure
12.8.6 Substructure
12.8.7 Seismic Isolation Bearings
12.8.8 Structural Model
12.8.9 Analysis Results
12.8.10 Testing on Seismic Isolators
12.8.11 Conclusion
12.9 Year 2009: The C.A.S.E. Project
12.9.1 Introduction
12.9.2 The Structural Design
12.9.3 Seismic Action
The Base Isolation System
12.9.4 The Isolators
12.9.5 Sliding Material
12.9.6 Production
12.9.7 Testing
12.9.8 Conclusion
12.10 Year 2017: The Holtekamp Bridge in Indonesia and the Padma Bridge in Bangladesh
12.10.1 Introduction
12.10.2 Description of the Padma Bridge and Design of the Isolation System
12.10.3 Description of the Holtekamp Bridge and Design of the Planned Isolation System
12.10.4 Comparison of the Behavior of the Sliding Pendulum with and without Central Articulation
12.10.5 Testing Method
12.10.6 Testing Equipment
12.10.7 Final Remarks
References
Chapter 13: Conclusion
Index