Analyzing controller tasks to define air traffic control system automation requirements : Phillips, M D and Melville, B E In: Human Error Avoidance Techniques Conf Proc, Soc of Automative Engineers, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, Publication No P-204, 1988, pp 37–44, 9 refs
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 1992
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 267 KB
- Volume
- 23
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0003-6870
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✦ Synopsis
ABSTRACTS
a VCR and analyzed for postural changes in different phases with both rakes. The modified rake allowed an upright stance in the pulling phase of the raking action. However, during pushing considerable spinal flexion was necessary using this rake. Using an assumed force of 100 N, a biomechanical analysis was carried out to compare the effect of rakes on spinal stresses. A sensitivity analysis was also done on posturai angles, raking angle and the raking force. A biomechanical analysis showed that the modified rake generated a much lower spinal compression than the conventional rake (0.18-0.44 times) during rake pulling. In rake pushing, on the other hand, the modified rake generated a spinal compression of 3-8 times the conventional rake. The spinal compression was most sensitive to raking angle followed by raking force, hip angle and shoulder angle during raking activity.