Analytical Chemistry: Basic Techniques and Methods

✍ Scribed by Malhotra P.

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2023
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 346
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book is designed as an undergraduate textbook for students of analytical chemistry. It can also be used as a reference book to study analytical methods in chemical analysis that have wide applications in various areas such as life sciences, clinical chemistry, air and water pollution, and industrial analysis. It covers fundamentals of analytical chemistry and the various analytical methods and techniques. This textbook includes pedagogical features such as worked examples and unsolved problems at the end of each chapter. This book is also useful for students of life sciences, clinical chemistry, air and water pollution, and industrial analysis.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Half Title
Analytical Chemistry: Basic Techniques and Methods
Copyright
Dedication
Preface
Contents
About the Author
1. Statistical Methods of Analysis
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Significant Figures
1.3 Types of Errors and Their Causes
1.4 Precision and Accuracy
1.5 The Confidence Limit
1.6 Test of Significance
1.7 Rejection of Result
2. Sampling
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Gases
2.3 Diffusive Samplers
2.4 Real-Time Analysis
3. Spectroanalytical Techniques
3.1 Origin of Spectra
3.2 Interaction of Radiation with Matter
3.3 Fundamental Laws of Spectroscopy
3.4 Validity of Beer-Lambert’s Law and Deviation from Beer-Lambert’s Law
3.5 Types of Spectra
4. Ultraviolet and Visible Spectral Methods
4.1 Nature of Electronic Transitions
4.2 Instrumentation
4.3 Types of UV–Visible Spectrophotometers
4.4 Choice of Solvents
4.5 Concept of Chromophore
4.6 Shifting of Absorption Bands and Change in Intensity
4.7 Application of UV–Visible Spectral Methods
4.8 Molar Compositions
4.9 Quantitative Analysis
4.10 In Tautomeric Equilibria
5. Infrared Spectroscopy
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Molecular Vibrations, Vibrational Modes, and Vibrational Frequency
5.3 Theory of IR Absorption Spectroscopy
5.4 Instrumentation
5.5 Comparison of IR and UV–Visible Spectrophotometers
5.6 IR Fingerprint Regions
5.7 Application of IR Spectroscopy to Organic Compounds
5.8 Application of IR Spectroscopy to Inorganic Compounds
5.9 Quantitative Applications of FT-IR Spectroscopy
6. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
6.1 Basic Principles of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
6.2 Instrumentation
6.3 Single-and Double-Beam Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometers
6.4 Interferences in Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
6.5 Atomic Line Broadening
6.6 Background Correction Methods
6.7 Application of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
7. Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Principles of Emission Spectroscopy
7.3 Flame Emission Spectroscopy (FES)
7.4 Distribution Between Ground and Excited States
7.5 Instrumentation of FES
7.6 Interferences in Flame Photometry
7.7 Evaluation of Results
7.8 Advantages of Flame Photometry
7.9 Plasma Emission Spectroscopy
7.9.1 Inductively Coupled Plasma Source (ICP)
7.9.2 ICP Instrumentation
7.9.3 Application of ICP-AES
8. Thermal Methods
8.1 Introduction to Thermal Methods of Analysis and Its Instrumentation
8.2 Instrumentation of TG
8.3 Applications of Thermogravimetry
8.4 Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA)
8.5 Applications of DTA
8.6 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
8.7 Applications of DSC
9. Electroanalytical Methods
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Classification of Electroanalytical Methods
9.3 Electrochemical Cells
9.4 Electrode Potential
9.5 The Nernst Equation
9.6 Potentiometry for Quantitative Analysis
9.7 Types of Electrodes
9.8 Potentiometric Titrations
9.9 Types of Potentiometric Titrations
9.10 Advantages of Potentiometric Titrations
10. Coulometry
10.1 Basic Principle of Coulometric Method of Chemical Analysis
10.2 Types of Coulometric Methods
10.3 Coulometric Titrations
10.4 Applications of Coulometric Titrations
10.5 Advantages of Coulometric Titrations
11. Conductometric Methods
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Important Principles of Conductometric Methods
11.3 Measurement of Conductance
11.4 Applications of Conductance Measurements
11.5 Types of Conductometric Titrations
11.6 Advantages and Disadvantages of Conductometric Titrations
11.7 High-Frequency Titration
12. Solvent Extraction
12.1 Basic Principle and Classification
12.2 Sequence and Mechanism of Extraction
12.3 Methods of Solvent Extraction
12.4 Extraction by Solvation
12.5 Applications of Solvent Extraction
13. Chromatography
13.1 Introduction to Chromatography
13.2 Classification of Chromatographic Methods
13.3 Chromatographic Theory
13.4 Factors Affecting Chromatographic Separations
13.5 Applications of Chromatography to Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
13.6 Paper Chromatography
13.7 Theoretical Aspect of Paper Chromatography
13.8 Experimental Measures for Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
13.9 Visualising the Chromatogram
13.10 Uses and Applications of Paper Chromatography
14. Thin Layer Chromatography
14.1 Basics of Thin Layer Chromatography
14.2 TLC Procedure
14.3 Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation
14.4 High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
14.5 Applications of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)
15. Column Chromatography
15.1 Principle of Column Chromatography
15.2 Experimental Methods
15.3 Factors Governing Column Chromatography
15.4 Applications of Column Chromatography
16. Gas Chromatography
16.1 Principles of Gas Chromatographic Method of Separation
16.2 Instrumentation
16.3 The GC Chromatogram and Its Evaluation
16.4 Retention Index
16.5 Factors Affecting Separation in Gas Chromatography
16.6 Applications of Gas Chromatography
17. High Performance Liquid Chromatography
17.1 Principles Involved in HPLC
17.2 Components of HPLC
17.3 Principle of Reversed Phase Chromatography
17.4 Instrumentation
17.5 Applications of HPLC
18. Ion Exchange Chromatography
18.1 Basic Principles of Ion Exchange Chromatography
18.2 Cation Exchangers
18.3 Anion Exchangers
18.4 Ion Exchange Equilibria
18.5 Factors Affecting Ion Exchange Equilibria
18.6 Experimental Conditions
18.7 Applications of Ion Exchange Chromatography (IEC)
19. Exclusion Chromatography
19.1 Principle
19.2 Mechanism of Size Exclusion Chromatography
19.3 Column Dimensions and Column Packings
19.4 Instrumentation
19.5 Application of Size Exclusion Chromatography
19.6 Advantages and Disadvantages of Size Exclusion Chromatography
20. Electrophoresis
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Types of Electrophoresis
20.3 General Principles
20.4 Factors Affecting Electrophoresis
20.5 Isoelectric Focussing
20.6 Applications of Electrophoresis
21. Role of Computers in Instrumental Methods of Analysis
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Role of Computers in Instrumentation
21.3 Computer Basics
21.4 Interfacing Instruments with Computers
21.5 Advantages of Microprocessors in Analytical Instruments
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
Index