โ Scribed by David J. Peter; Larry D. Flanagan; John J. Cranley
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
The ability of B-mode ultrasound to follow effectively blood clot echogenicity changes over time under conditions of red cell preservation and lysis was evaluated. Blood clots were produced in cellulose dialysis tubing and then placed into appropriate baths of either saline or water. The echogenicity changes were then followed quantitatively using A-mode and qualitatively using B-mode imaging. Blood clots in saline showed an initial decrease followed by a leveling off in echogenicity. Blood clots in water showed a decline in echogenicity throughout the experiment. The A-mode imaging was effectively able to follow blood clot echogenicity changes under these controlled conditions. Indexing Words: Erythrocytes -Blood coagulation -Real-time ultrasound -Tissue characterization Real-time B-mode ultrasound imaging has been used to investigate qualitatively blood clot changes over time both in vivo' and in vitro."." Results from our laboratory suggest that these changes may be useful in guiding therapy in both deep vein t h r o r n b ~s i s ~. ~ and internal carotid artery occlusion.Q Quantitative analysis of ultrasonic properties of in vitro blood clots, including backscatter, attenuation, and velocity, has been performed." In vivo, a quantitative method has been used to differentiate intracardiac thrombus from artifact and tumor." The ability to characterize blood clots and, more specifically, to determine whether they represent an acute or chronic process has important clinical implications in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis, arterial occlusive disease, cardiac disease, intracerebral hemorrhage, and other vascular disorders.
This study investigates the ability of ultrasound to follow changes in blood clot echogenicity quantitatively over time under conditions of red blood cell preservation and lysis in vitro. A method of producing homogeneous blood clots useful in tissue characterization studies is also presented.
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## Abstract Systematic evaluation of blood clot echogenicity was performed with five different transducer frequencies in two experiments. In the first experiment, blood clots were insonified at five different time periods; from immediately after clotting up to 96 hours after clotting. In the second
The mechanism of echogenicity of flowing blood during real-time ultrasonography was investigated experimentally in vivo by scanning venous and arterial blood and venous blood subjected to varying degrees of obstruction. Luminal echoes were more intense in flowing blood of the vena cava than in aorti